ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators , 2018. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 392: 1789–1858.
-
2.
Coffey PM , Ralph AP , Krause VL , 2018. The role of social determinants of health in the risk and prevention of group A streptococcal infection, acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006577.
-
3.
Yacoub M , Mayosi B , ElGuindy A , Carpentier A , Yusuf S , 2017. Eliminating acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Lancet (London, England) 390: 212–213.
-
4.
Zhang W , Mondo C , Okello E , Musoke C , Kakande B , Nyakoojo W , Kayima J , Freers J , 2013. Presenting features of newly diagnosed rheumatic heart disease patients in Mulago Hospital: a pilot study. Cardiovasc J Afr 24: 28–33.
-
5.
WHO , 2013. WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy: 2014–2023. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
6.
Appelbaum Belisle H , Hennink M , Ordóñez CE , John S , Ngubane-Joye E , Hampton J , Sunpath H , Preston-Whyte E , Marconi VC , 2015. Concurrent use of traditional medicine and ART: perspectives of patients, providers and traditional healers in Durban, South Africa. Glob Public Health 10: 71–87.
-
7.
Nompumelelo M , Gomo E , Gqaleni N , Ngcobo M , 2019. Core competencies acquired in indigenous training of traditional health practitioners in Kwazulu-Natal. Afr Health Sci 19: 3100–3106.
-
8.
Kasilo OM , Trapsida JM ; Regional Off’ce for Africa, Brazzaville ; World Health Organization , 2010. Regulation of traditional medicine in the WHO African region. Afr Health Monitor (Spec Iss): 25–31.
-
9.
Maurice J , 2015. Mounting cancer burden tests Africa’s health resources. Lancet 385: 2564–2565.
-
10.
de-Graft Aikins A , 2005. Healer shopping in Africa: new evidence from rural-urban qualitative study of Ghanaian diabetes experiences. BMJ 331: 737.
-
11.
Rutebemberwa E , Lubega M , Katureebe SK , Oundo A , Kiweewa F , Mukanga D , 2013. Use of traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes in eastern Uganda: a qualitative exploration of reasons for choice. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 13: 1.
-
12.
Abbo C , Ekblad S , Waako P , Okello E , Musisi S , 2009. The prevalence and severity of mental illnesses handled by traditional healers in two districts in Uganda. Afr Health Sci 9 (Suppl 1): S16–S22.
-
13.
Mwaka AD , Okello ES , Orach CG , 2015. Barriers to biomedical care and use of traditional medicines for treatment of cervical cancer: an exploratory qualitative study in northern Uganda. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 24: 503–513.
-
14.
Nuwaha F , Musinguzi G , 2013. Use of alternative medicine for hypertension in Buikwe and Mukono districts of Uganda: a cross sectional study. BMC Complement Altern Med 13: 301.
-
15.
Yao-Cohen ML , Miller JS , Baganizi M , Musominali S , Burton WB , Paccione GA , 2013. Crude tonsillectomy and local concepts of illness in Kisoro, Uganda: community perception of gapfura and its treatment. Glob Public Health 8: 298–311.
-
16.
Uganda Bureau of Statistics , 2014. National Population and Housing Census 2014. Kampala, Uganda: Uganda Bureau of Statistics.
-
17.
Rajbhandari R , McMahon DE , Rhatigan JJ , Farmer PE , 2020. The neglected hospital - the district hospital’s central role in global health care delivery. N Engl J Med 382: 397–400.
-
18.
Feinstein AR , Levitt M , 1970. The role of tonsils in predisposing to streptococcal infections and recurrences of rheumatic fever. N Engl J Med 282: 285–291.
-
19.
Macbeth RG , 1950. The tonsil problem. Proc R Soc Med 43: 324–328.
-
20.
Chamovitz R , Rammelkamp CH , Wannamaker LW , Denny FW , 1960. The effect of tonsillectomy on the incidence of streptococcal respiratory disease and its complications. Pediatrics 26: 355–367.
-
21.
Matanoski GM , 1972. The role of the tonsils in streptococcal infections: a comparison of tonsillectomized children and sibling controls. Am J Epidemiol 95: 278–291.
-
22.
Stanifer JW et al. Comprehensive Kidney Disease Assessment for Risk Factors, Epidemiology , Knowledge, and Attitudes (CKD AFRIKA) Study , 2015. The determinants of traditional medicine use in northern Tanzania: a mixed-methods study. PLoS One 10: e0122638.
-
23.
Mbonye AK , Buregyeya E , Rutebemberwa E , Clarke SE , Lal S , Hansen KS , Magnussen P , LaRussa P , 2016. Prescription for antibiotics at drug shops and strategies to improve quality of care and patient safety: a cross-sectional survey in the private sector in Uganda. BMJ Open 6: e010632.
-
24.
Zwart S , Sachs AP , Ruijs GJ , Gubbels JW , Hoes AW , de Melker RA , 2000. Penicillin for acute sore throat: randomised double blind trial of seven days versus three days treatment or placebo in adults. BMJ 320: 150–154.
-
25.
Benzekri NA et al. 2019. Traditional healers, HIV outcomes, and mortality among people living with HIV in Senegal, West Africa. AIDS (London, England) 33: 1521–1526.
-
26.
Jacobsen K , Marshak A , Ofori-Adjei A , Kembabazi J , 2006. IDP livelihoods: using microenterprise interventions to support the livelihoods of forcibly displaced people: the impact of a microcredit program in IDP camps in Lira, northern Uganda. Refugee Surv Q 25: 23–39.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1568 | 457 | 23 |
| Full Text Views | 675 | 20 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 329 | 27 | 1 |
Previous Traditional Medicine Use for Sore Throat among Children Evaluated for Rheumatic Fever in Northern Uganda
Elizabeth Stein
Elizabeth Stein
University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington;
Children’s National Heart Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia;
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Children’s National Heart Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia;
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Jafesi Pulle
Jafesi Pulle
Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda;
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Meghan Zimmerman
Meghan Zimmerman
Dartmouth-Hitchock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire;
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Isaac Otim
Isaac Otim
Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda;
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Jenifer Atala
Jenifer Atala
Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda;
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Joselyn Rwebembera
Joselyn Rwebembera
Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda;
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Linda Mary Oyella
Linda Mary Oyella
Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda;
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Nada Harik
Nada Harik
Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia;
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Emmy Okello
Emmy Okello
Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda;
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Craig Sable
Craig Sable
Children’s National Heart Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia;
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Andrea Beaton
Andrea Beaton
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati Medical School, Cincinnati, Ohio
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ABSTRACT
Timely diagnosis of group A streptococcal (GAS) sore throat coupled with appropriate antibiotic treatment is necessary to prevent serious post-streptococcal complications, including rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Traditional medicine (TM) is a known common adjunct to formal medical care in sub-Saharan Africa. A better understanding of health-seeking behavior for sore throat both within and outside the formal medical system is critical to improving primary prevention efforts of RF and RHD. A prospective mixed-methods study on the use of TM for sore throat was embedded within a larger epidemiological study of RF in Northern Uganda. Children presenting with symptoms of RF were interviewed about recent TM use as well as health services use for sore throat. One hundred children with a median age of 10 years (interquartile range: 6.8–13 years) completed the TM interview with their parent/guardian as part of a research study of RF. Seventeen, or 17%, accessed a TM provider for sore throat as part of the current illness, and 70% accessed TM for sore throat in the past (73% current or past use). Of the 20 parents who witnessed the TM visit, 100% reported use of crude tonsillectomy. Penicillin was the most frequently prescribed medication by TM providers in 52% of participants who were seen by a TM provider. The use of TM among children presenting with symptoms of sore throat in northern Uganda is common and frequently used in tandem with diagnostic services offered through the formal healthcare system. Engagement with TM practitioners may provide an important avenue for designing effective primary prevention and management strategies of RF and reduce the global burden of RHD.
Author Notes
Disclosure: This study was approved by the Makerere University and the Children’s National Medical System Institutional Review Board (IRB), as well as the Ugandan National Council of Science and Technology. Written informed consent was signed by a parent/guardian or participant (> 18 years of age), and written informed assent was signed by children ≥ 8 years of age. The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Financial support: This study was funded by American Heart Association RHD Center grant 17SFRN33670607 to Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC.
Authors’ addresses: Elizabeth Stein, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, E-mail: lizstein@uw.edu. Jafesi Pulle, Isaac Otim, Jenifer Atala, Joselyn Rwebembera, Linda Mary Oyella, and Emmy Okello, Uganda Heart Institute, Kampala, Uganda, E-mails: pjafes@gmail.com, mczingame@gmail.com, jenifer.atala@gmail.com, joselynr36@gmail.com, lindamary068@gmail.com, and emmyoks@gmail.com. Meghan Zimmerman, Dartmouth-Hitchock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, E-mail: meghan.s.zimmerman@hitchcock.org. Nada Harik, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, E-mail: nharik@childrensnational.org. Craig Sable, Division of Cardiology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, E-mail: csable@childrensnational.org. Andrea Beaton, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati, OH, E-mail: andrea.beaton@cchmc.org.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators , 2018. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 392: 1789–1858.
-
2.
Coffey PM , Ralph AP , Krause VL , 2018. The role of social determinants of health in the risk and prevention of group A streptococcal infection, acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006577.
-
3.
Yacoub M , Mayosi B , ElGuindy A , Carpentier A , Yusuf S , 2017. Eliminating acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Lancet (London, England) 390: 212–213.
-
4.
Zhang W , Mondo C , Okello E , Musoke C , Kakande B , Nyakoojo W , Kayima J , Freers J , 2013. Presenting features of newly diagnosed rheumatic heart disease patients in Mulago Hospital: a pilot study. Cardiovasc J Afr 24: 28–33.
-
5.
WHO , 2013. WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy: 2014–2023. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
6.
Appelbaum Belisle H , Hennink M , Ordóñez CE , John S , Ngubane-Joye E , Hampton J , Sunpath H , Preston-Whyte E , Marconi VC , 2015. Concurrent use of traditional medicine and ART: perspectives of patients, providers and traditional healers in Durban, South Africa. Glob Public Health 10: 71–87.
-
7.
Nompumelelo M , Gomo E , Gqaleni N , Ngcobo M , 2019. Core competencies acquired in indigenous training of traditional health practitioners in Kwazulu-Natal. Afr Health Sci 19: 3100–3106.
-
8.
Kasilo OM , Trapsida JM ; Regional Off’ce for Africa, Brazzaville ; World Health Organization , 2010. Regulation of traditional medicine in the WHO African region. Afr Health Monitor (Spec Iss): 25–31.
-
9.
Maurice J , 2015. Mounting cancer burden tests Africa’s health resources. Lancet 385: 2564–2565.
-
10.
de-Graft Aikins A , 2005. Healer shopping in Africa: new evidence from rural-urban qualitative study of Ghanaian diabetes experiences. BMJ 331: 737.
-
11.
Rutebemberwa E , Lubega M , Katureebe SK , Oundo A , Kiweewa F , Mukanga D , 2013. Use of traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes in eastern Uganda: a qualitative exploration of reasons for choice. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 13: 1.
-
12.
Abbo C , Ekblad S , Waako P , Okello E , Musisi S , 2009. The prevalence and severity of mental illnesses handled by traditional healers in two districts in Uganda. Afr Health Sci 9 (Suppl 1): S16–S22.
-
13.
Mwaka AD , Okello ES , Orach CG , 2015. Barriers to biomedical care and use of traditional medicines for treatment of cervical cancer: an exploratory qualitative study in northern Uganda. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 24: 503–513.
-
14.
Nuwaha F , Musinguzi G , 2013. Use of alternative medicine for hypertension in Buikwe and Mukono districts of Uganda: a cross sectional study. BMC Complement Altern Med 13: 301.
-
15.
Yao-Cohen ML , Miller JS , Baganizi M , Musominali S , Burton WB , Paccione GA , 2013. Crude tonsillectomy and local concepts of illness in Kisoro, Uganda: community perception of gapfura and its treatment. Glob Public Health 8: 298–311.
-
16.
Uganda Bureau of Statistics , 2014. National Population and Housing Census 2014. Kampala, Uganda: Uganda Bureau of Statistics.
-
17.
Rajbhandari R , McMahon DE , Rhatigan JJ , Farmer PE , 2020. The neglected hospital - the district hospital’s central role in global health care delivery. N Engl J Med 382: 397–400.
-
18.
Feinstein AR , Levitt M , 1970. The role of tonsils in predisposing to streptococcal infections and recurrences of rheumatic fever. N Engl J Med 282: 285–291.
-
19.
Macbeth RG , 1950. The tonsil problem. Proc R Soc Med 43: 324–328.
-
20.
Chamovitz R , Rammelkamp CH , Wannamaker LW , Denny FW , 1960. The effect of tonsillectomy on the incidence of streptococcal respiratory disease and its complications. Pediatrics 26: 355–367.
-
21.
Matanoski GM , 1972. The role of the tonsils in streptococcal infections: a comparison of tonsillectomized children and sibling controls. Am J Epidemiol 95: 278–291.
-
22.
Stanifer JW et al. Comprehensive Kidney Disease Assessment for Risk Factors, Epidemiology , Knowledge, and Attitudes (CKD AFRIKA) Study , 2015. The determinants of traditional medicine use in northern Tanzania: a mixed-methods study. PLoS One 10: e0122638.
-
23.
Mbonye AK , Buregyeya E , Rutebemberwa E , Clarke SE , Lal S , Hansen KS , Magnussen P , LaRussa P , 2016. Prescription for antibiotics at drug shops and strategies to improve quality of care and patient safety: a cross-sectional survey in the private sector in Uganda. BMJ Open 6: e010632.
-
24.
Zwart S , Sachs AP , Ruijs GJ , Gubbels JW , Hoes AW , de Melker RA , 2000. Penicillin for acute sore throat: randomised double blind trial of seven days versus three days treatment or placebo in adults. BMJ 320: 150–154.
-
25.
Benzekri NA et al. 2019. Traditional healers, HIV outcomes, and mortality among people living with HIV in Senegal, West Africa. AIDS (London, England) 33: 1521–1526.
-
26.
Jacobsen K , Marshak A , Ofori-Adjei A , Kembabazi J , 2006. IDP livelihoods: using microenterprise interventions to support the livelihoods of forcibly displaced people: the impact of a microcredit program in IDP camps in Lira, northern Uganda. Refugee Surv Q 25: 23–39.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1568 | 457 | 23 |
| Full Text Views | 675 | 20 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 329 | 27 | 1 |