World Health Organization, 2015. Schistosomiasis. Fact sheet N°115. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs115/en/. Accessed October 15, 2015.
Nicolls DJ, Weld LH, Schwartz E, Reed C, von Sonnenburg F, Freedman DO, Kozarsky PE, 2008. GeoSentinel Surveillance Network. Characteristics of schistosomiasis in travelers reported to the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network 1997–2008. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 729–734.
Ross AG, Vickers D, Olds GR, Shah SM, McManus DP, 2007. Katayama syndrome. Lancet Infect Dis 7: 218–224.
Schwartz E, Rozenman J, Perelman M, 2000. Pulmonary manifestations of early schistosome infection among nonimmune travelers. Am J Med 109: 718–722.
Cooke GS, Lalvani A, Gleeson FV, Conlon CP, 1999. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers returning from Lake Malawi, sub-Saharan Africa. Clin Infect Dis 29: 836–839.
Colebunders R, Verstraeten T, Van Gompel A, Van den Ende J, De Roo A, Polderman A, Visser L, 1995. Acute schistosomiasis in travelers returning from Mali. J Travel Med 2: 235–238.
Jauréguiberry S, Paris L, Caumes E, 2010. Acute schistosomiasis, a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Clin Microbiol Infect 16: 225–231.
Pavlin BI, Kozarsky P, Cetron MS, 2012. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers: case report and review of the literature. Travel Med Infect Dis 10: 209–219.
Gonçalves EC, Fonseca AP, Pittella JE, 1995. Frequency of schistosomiasis mansoni, of its clinicopathological forms and of the ectopic locations of the parasite in autopsies in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. J Trop Med Hyg 98: 289–295.
Gobbi F, Martelli G, Attard L, Buonfrate D, Angheben A, Marchese V, Bortesi L, Gobbo M, Vanino E, Viale P, Bisoffi Z, 2015. Schistosoma mansoni eggs in spleen and lungs, mimicking other diseases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003860.
Baharoon S, Al-Jahdali H, Bamefleh H, Elkeir A, Yamani N, 2011. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis. J Glob Infect Dis 3: 293–295.
Kolosionek E, Graham BB, Tuder RM, Butrous G, 2011. Pulmonary vascular disease associated with parasitic infection—the role of schistosomiasis. Clin Microbiol Infect 17: 15–24.
Smith JH, Christie JD, 1986. The pathobiology of Schistosoma haematobium infection in humans. Hum Pathol 17: 333–345.
Morris W, Knauer CM, 1997. Cardiopulmonary manifestations of schistosomiasis. Semin Respir Infect 12: 159–170.
Villar F, Goria O, Hervé S, Lestrat J, Perrot S, Scotté M, 2000. Shunt porto-cave intra-hépatique. Revue de la littérature, à propos d'un cas. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 24: 582–584.
World Health Organization, 1987. Atlas of the Global Distribution of Schistosomiasis. 16-Togo-Benin. Available at: http://www.who.int/schistosomiasis/epidemiology/en/togo_benin.pdf. Accessed August 30, 2015.
McMahon JE, 1969. Schistosoma bovis eggs in human faeces. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 63: 545.
Chunge R, Katsivo M, Kok P, Wamwea M, Kinoti S, 1986. Schistosoma bovis in human stools in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80: 849.
Mouchet F, Develoux M, Magasa MB, 1988. Schistosoma bovis in human stools in Republic of Niger. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82: 257.
Muller RL, Taylor MG, 1972. The specific differentiation of schistosome eggs by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 66: 18–19.
Thomas CO, Lawrence RA, 1996. Parasites in human tissues. Hum Pathol 27: 214.
Bourée P, 1979. Schistosoma intercalatum: critères épidémiologiques de différenciation. Med Mal Infect 9: 397–406.
Southgate VR, van Wijk HB, Wright CA, 1976. Schistosomiasis at Loum, Cameroun; Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum and their natural hybrid. Z Für Parasitenkd Berl Ger 49: 145–159.
Ratard RC, Greer GJ, 1991. A new focus of Schistosoma haematobium/S. intercalatum hybrid in Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 45: 332–338.
Ripert C, 2003. Schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma intercalatum and urbanization in central Africa. Bull Société Pathol Exot 96: 183–186.
Moné H, Minguez S, Ibikounlé M, Allienne J-F, Massougbodji A, Mouahid G, 2012. Natural Interactions between S. haematobium and S. guineensis in the Republic of Benin. Scientific World Journal 2012: 793420.
N'Dong FO, Mbamendame S, Assapi MN, Mbourou JB, Roy E, Kombila M, Diané C, 2005. Pulmonary bilharziosis due to Schistosoma haematobium: pitfalls of species diagnosis. A case report from Libreville, Gabon. Médecine Trop Rev Corps Santé Colon 65: 163–166.
Mutani A, Christensen NO, Frandsen F, 1985. A study of the biological characteristics of a hybrid line between male Schistosoma haematobium (Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) and female S. intercalatum (Edea, Cameroun). Acta Trop 42: 319–331.
Webster BL, Southgate VR, 2003. Compatibility of Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum and their hybrids with Bulinus truncatus and B. forskalii. Parasitology 127: 231–242.
Huyse T, Webster BL, Geldof S, Stothard JR, Diaw OT, Polman K, Rollinson D, 2009. Bidirectional introgressive hybridization between a cattle and human schistosome species. PLoS Pathog 5: e1000571.
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We report the case of a French traveler who developed acute pulmonary schistosomiasis 2 months after visiting Benin. He presented with a 1-month history of fever, cough, and thoracic pain. Initial investigations revealed hypereosinophilia and multiple nodular lesions on chest computed tomography scan. Lung biopsies were performed 2 months later because of migrating chest infiltrates and increasing eosinophilia. Histological examination showed schistosomal egg–induced pulmonary granulomas with ova exhibiting a prominent terminal spine, resembling Schistosoma haematobium. However, egg shells were Ziehl–Neelsen positive, raising the possibility of a Schistosoma intercalatum or a Schistosoma guineensis infection. Moreover, involvement of highly infectious hybrid species cannot be excluded considering the atypical early pulmonary oviposition. This case is remarkable because of the rarity of pulmonary schistosomiasis, its peculiar clinical presentation and difficulties in making species identification. It also emphasizes the need to consider schistosomiasis diagnosis in all potentially exposed travelers with compatible symptoms.
Conflict of interest: Because this work did not include any primary research, no ethics committee approval was sought.
Authors' addresses: Noémie Coron and Ludovic de Gentile, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France, E-mails: coron.noemie@gmail.com and ludegentile@chu-angers.fr. Yohann Le Govic, Marc Pihet, and Dominique Chabasse, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Institut de Biologie en Santé, Angers, France, and Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Angers, France, E-mails: yohann.legovic@chu-angers.fr, mapihet@chu-angers.fr, and dochabasse@chu-angers.fr. Sami Kettani, Laboratoire d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, Centre de Pathologie de l'Ouest, Angers, France, E-mail: kettani.sami@gmail.com. Sandrine Hemery, Maison Médicale des Spécialistes, Village Santé Angers Loire, Trélazé, France, E-mail: sandrine.beneteau@gmail.com.
World Health Organization, 2015. Schistosomiasis. Fact sheet N°115. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs115/en/. Accessed October 15, 2015.
Nicolls DJ, Weld LH, Schwartz E, Reed C, von Sonnenburg F, Freedman DO, Kozarsky PE, 2008. GeoSentinel Surveillance Network. Characteristics of schistosomiasis in travelers reported to the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network 1997–2008. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 729–734.
Ross AG, Vickers D, Olds GR, Shah SM, McManus DP, 2007. Katayama syndrome. Lancet Infect Dis 7: 218–224.
Schwartz E, Rozenman J, Perelman M, 2000. Pulmonary manifestations of early schistosome infection among nonimmune travelers. Am J Med 109: 718–722.
Cooke GS, Lalvani A, Gleeson FV, Conlon CP, 1999. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers returning from Lake Malawi, sub-Saharan Africa. Clin Infect Dis 29: 836–839.
Colebunders R, Verstraeten T, Van Gompel A, Van den Ende J, De Roo A, Polderman A, Visser L, 1995. Acute schistosomiasis in travelers returning from Mali. J Travel Med 2: 235–238.
Jauréguiberry S, Paris L, Caumes E, 2010. Acute schistosomiasis, a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Clin Microbiol Infect 16: 225–231.
Pavlin BI, Kozarsky P, Cetron MS, 2012. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers: case report and review of the literature. Travel Med Infect Dis 10: 209–219.
Gonçalves EC, Fonseca AP, Pittella JE, 1995. Frequency of schistosomiasis mansoni, of its clinicopathological forms and of the ectopic locations of the parasite in autopsies in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. J Trop Med Hyg 98: 289–295.
Gobbi F, Martelli G, Attard L, Buonfrate D, Angheben A, Marchese V, Bortesi L, Gobbo M, Vanino E, Viale P, Bisoffi Z, 2015. Schistosoma mansoni eggs in spleen and lungs, mimicking other diseases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003860.
Baharoon S, Al-Jahdali H, Bamefleh H, Elkeir A, Yamani N, 2011. Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis. J Glob Infect Dis 3: 293–295.
Kolosionek E, Graham BB, Tuder RM, Butrous G, 2011. Pulmonary vascular disease associated with parasitic infection—the role of schistosomiasis. Clin Microbiol Infect 17: 15–24.
Smith JH, Christie JD, 1986. The pathobiology of Schistosoma haematobium infection in humans. Hum Pathol 17: 333–345.
Morris W, Knauer CM, 1997. Cardiopulmonary manifestations of schistosomiasis. Semin Respir Infect 12: 159–170.
Villar F, Goria O, Hervé S, Lestrat J, Perrot S, Scotté M, 2000. Shunt porto-cave intra-hépatique. Revue de la littérature, à propos d'un cas. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 24: 582–584.
World Health Organization, 1987. Atlas of the Global Distribution of Schistosomiasis. 16-Togo-Benin. Available at: http://www.who.int/schistosomiasis/epidemiology/en/togo_benin.pdf. Accessed August 30, 2015.
McMahon JE, 1969. Schistosoma bovis eggs in human faeces. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 63: 545.
Chunge R, Katsivo M, Kok P, Wamwea M, Kinoti S, 1986. Schistosoma bovis in human stools in Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80: 849.
Mouchet F, Develoux M, Magasa MB, 1988. Schistosoma bovis in human stools in Republic of Niger. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82: 257.
Muller RL, Taylor MG, 1972. The specific differentiation of schistosome eggs by the Ziehl-Neelsen technique. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 66: 18–19.
Thomas CO, Lawrence RA, 1996. Parasites in human tissues. Hum Pathol 27: 214.
Bourée P, 1979. Schistosoma intercalatum: critères épidémiologiques de différenciation. Med Mal Infect 9: 397–406.
Southgate VR, van Wijk HB, Wright CA, 1976. Schistosomiasis at Loum, Cameroun; Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum and their natural hybrid. Z Für Parasitenkd Berl Ger 49: 145–159.
Ratard RC, Greer GJ, 1991. A new focus of Schistosoma haematobium/S. intercalatum hybrid in Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 45: 332–338.
Ripert C, 2003. Schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma intercalatum and urbanization in central Africa. Bull Société Pathol Exot 96: 183–186.
Moné H, Minguez S, Ibikounlé M, Allienne J-F, Massougbodji A, Mouahid G, 2012. Natural Interactions between S. haematobium and S. guineensis in the Republic of Benin. Scientific World Journal 2012: 793420.
N'Dong FO, Mbamendame S, Assapi MN, Mbourou JB, Roy E, Kombila M, Diané C, 2005. Pulmonary bilharziosis due to Schistosoma haematobium: pitfalls of species diagnosis. A case report from Libreville, Gabon. Médecine Trop Rev Corps Santé Colon 65: 163–166.
Mutani A, Christensen NO, Frandsen F, 1985. A study of the biological characteristics of a hybrid line between male Schistosoma haematobium (Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) and female S. intercalatum (Edea, Cameroun). Acta Trop 42: 319–331.
Webster BL, Southgate VR, 2003. Compatibility of Schistosoma haematobium, S. intercalatum and their hybrids with Bulinus truncatus and B. forskalii. Parasitology 127: 231–242.
Huyse T, Webster BL, Geldof S, Stothard JR, Diaw OT, Polman K, Rollinson D, 2009. Bidirectional introgressive hybridization between a cattle and human schistosome species. PLoS Pathog 5: e1000571.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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