Clinco-Epidemiologic Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Bikaner, Rajasthan, India

Naushin Aara Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Naushin Aara in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Kanika Khandelwal Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Kanika Khandelwal in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Ram A. Bumb Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Ram A. Bumb in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Rajesh D. Mehta Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Rajesh D. Mehta in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Bhikam C. Ghiya Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Bhikam C. Ghiya in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Renu Jakhar Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Renu Jakhar in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Claire Dodd Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Claire Dodd in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Poonam Salotra Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Poonam Salotra in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
, and
Abhay R. Satoskar Department of Dermatology, Sandar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India

Search for other papers by Abhay R. Satoskar in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.12-0558
Volume/Issue:
Volume 89: Issue 1
Page(s):
111–115
Restricted access
Get Permissions

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic to the Thar Desert of Rajasthan, Bikaner, India. The present study describes clinico-epidemiologcial data of all cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis CL in this region during 2001–2011. A total of 1,379 patients with 2,730 lesions were reported during the study period. Ages of patients ranged from 3 months to 86 years, and there was a predominance of infections in males. Most patients were from urban areas and lower middle socioeconomic groups. Lesions were dry, ulcerated nodules or plaques of different sizes commonly over face and upper limb. Skin smears were positive for parasites in 958 (69.5%) patients, and the remaining 45.8% (193 of 421) patients were positive by skin biopsy. Histopathologic analysis of the skin showed mixed granulomas consisting of macrophages, lymphocytes, epitheloid, and plasma cells. Species identification was conducted for 45 randomly selected patients by polymerase chain reaction, the infective species was Leishmania tropica. Most patients were treated with intra-lesional injections of sodium stibogluconate.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Abhay R. Satoskar, Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210. E-mail: abhay.satoskar@osumc.edu, or Ram A. Bumb, Department of Dermatology, SP Medical College, Bikaner, India, E-mail: dr_bumb@rediffmail.com.

Authors' addresses: Naushin Aara, Kanika Khandelwal, Ram A. Bumb, Rajesh Mehta, Bhikam C. Ghiya, Renu Jakhar, Poonam Salotra, Department of Dermatology, Prince Bijaysingh Memorial Hospital, Bikaner, India, E-mails: dr.naushin22@yahoo.com, drkanikakhandelwal@gmail.com, dr_bumb@rediffmail.com, mehtarddr@yahoo.co.in, bcghiya@yahoo.com, dr_jakhar@rediffmail.com, and psalotra@vsnl.net. Claire Dodd, Department of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, E-mail: dodd.71@buckeyemail.osu.edu. Abhay R. Satoskar, Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, E-mail: satoskar.2@osu.edu.

Copyright:
© The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2013
Received:
10 Sep 2012
|
Accepted:
10 Dec 2012
|
Published Online:
10 Jul 2013
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
  • 1.

    Vega-Lopez F, Hay RJ, 2010. Parasitic worms and protozoa. Burn T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, eds. Rook's Textbook of Dermatology. Eighth edition. Volume 2. Boston, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 37.32–37.43.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 2.

    Desjeux P, 2004. Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 27: 305–318.

  • 3.

    Bari Arfan UL, 2006. Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis. J Pak Assoc of Dermatol 16: 156–162.

  • 4.

    World Health Organization, 2006. Control of Leishmaniasis. Report of WHO Secretariat, Executive board EB 118/4, 118th Session. Geneva: World Health Organization.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 5.

    Khandelwal K, Bumb RA, Mehta RD, Kaushal H, Lezama-Davila C, Salotra P, Satoskar AR, 2011. A patient presenting with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) as a first indicator of HIV infection in India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 64–65.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 6.

    Srivastava D, Vyas MC, Joshi CK, 1987. Clinico-epidemiological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bikaner (Rajasthan). J Commun Dis 19: 326–331.

  • 7.

    Lodha KR, Singh BB, Jatkar PR, 1971. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bikaner, Rajasthan. Indian Vet J 48: 121.

  • 8.

    Sharma MID, Suri JC, Krishna M, Swami PN, 1973. Epidemiological and entomological features of an out break of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bikaner, Rajasthan during 1971. J Commun Dis 5: 54–72.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 9.

    Sharma MID, Suri JC, Kalra NL, 1973. Studies on cutaneous leishmaniasis in India. A note on the current status of cutaneous leishmaniasis in north-western India as determined during 1973. J Commun Dis 5: 73–79.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 10.

    Mohan K, Suri JC, 1975. Studies on cutaneous leishmaniasis in India. Isolation of Leishmania tropica from gerbils, sandflies and human. J Commun Dis 7: 353–357.

  • 11.

    Agrawal KS, Chadda VS, 1981. A study of epidemiology of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bikaner (Rajasthan). Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 47: 303–306.

  • 12.

    Vyas MC, Kalla G, Shrivastav D, Bhardwaj AK, 1994. A clinico-epidemiological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bikaner. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 60: 197–199.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 13.

    Kumar R, Bumb RA, Ansari NA, Mehta RD, Salotra P, 2007. Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. tropica in Bikaner, India: parasite identification and characterization using molecular and immunologic tools. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 896–901.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 14.

    Sharma NL, Mahajan VK, Kanga A, Sood A, Katoch VM, Mauricio I, Singh CD, Parwan UC, Sharma VK, Sharma RC, 2005. Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica: preliminary findings of the study of 161 new cases from a new endemic focus in Himachal Pradesh, India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72: 819–824.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 15.

    van der Meide WF, Jensema AJ, Akrum RA, Sabajo LO, Lai A, Fat RF, Lambregts L, Schallig HD, van der Paardt M, Faber WR, 2008. Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Suriname: a study performed in 2006. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 192–197.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 16.

    Yemisen M, Ulas Y, Celik H, Aksoy N, 2012. Epidemiological clinical characteristics of 7122 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sanliurfa, between 2001 and 2008. Int J Dermatol 51: 300–304.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 17.

    Gurel MS, Ulukanligil M, Ozbilge H, 2002. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sanliurfa: epidemiologic and clinical features of last four years (1997–2000). Int J Dermatol 41: 32–37.

    • PubMed
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 18.

    Talari SA, Shajari G, Talaei R, 2006. Clinical finding of cutaneous leishmaniasis as a new focus of Iran. Internet J Infect Dis 5.

  • 19.

    Al Samarai AM, Alobaidi HS, 2009. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iraq. J Infect Developing Ctries 3: 123–129.

Past two years Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 417 305 30
Full Text Views 398 14 3
PDF Downloads 170 14 3
 
 
 
 
Affiliate Membership Banner
 
 
Research for Health Information Banner
 
 
CLOCKSS
 
 
 
Society Publishers Coalition Banner
Save