Reduced Avian Virulence and Viremia of West Nile Virus Isolates from Mexico and Texas

Aaron C. Brault Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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Stanley A. Langevin Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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Wanichaya N. Ramey Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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Ying Fang Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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David W. C. Beasley Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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Christopher M. Barker Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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Todd A. Sanders Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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William K. Reisen Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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Alan D. T. Barrett Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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Richard A. Bowen Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California; Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0439
Volume/Issue:
Volume 85: Issue 4
Page(s):
758–767
Restricted access
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A West Nile virus (WNV) isolate from Mexico (TM171-03) and BIRD1153, a unique genotype from Texas, have exhibited reduced murine neuroinvasive phenotypes. To determine if murine neuroinvasive capacity equates to avian virulence potential, American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) were experimentally inoculated with representative murine neuroinvasive/non-neuroinvasive strains. In both avian species, a plaque variant from Mexico that was E-glycosylation competent produced higher viremias than an E-glycosylation–incompetent variant, indicating the potential importance of E-glycosylation for avian replication. The murine non-neuroinvasive BIRD1153 strain was significantly attenuated in American crows but not house sparrows when compared with the murine neuroinvasive Texas strain. Despite the loss of murine neuroinvasive properties of nonglycosylated variants from Mexico, our data indicate avian replication potential of these strains and that unique WNV virulence characteristics exist between murine and avian models. The implications of reduced avian replication of variants from Mexico for restricted WNV transmission in Latin America is discussed.

Author Notes

*Address correspondence to Aaron C. Brault, Division of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3150 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO 80521. E-mail: abrault@cdc.gov

Financial support: This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AI061822, AI055607, and AI67847; Pacific Southwest Regional Center for Excellence (PSWRCE) U54 AI065359; and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant CI000235.

Authors' addresses: Aaron C. Brault, Division of Vector-borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, E-mail: abrault@cdc.gov. Stanley A. Langevin, Wanichaya N. Ramey, Ying Fang, Christopher M. Barker, and William K. Reisen, Center for Vector-borne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, E-mails: salangevin1@gmail.com, wramey@berkeley.edu, ylfang@ucdavis.edu, cmbarker@ucdavis.edu, and arbo123@pacbell.net. David W. C. Beasley and Alan D. T. Barrett, Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biodefense, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mails: dwbeasle@utmb.edu and abarrett@utmb.edu. Todd A. Sanders, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service–Division of Migratory Bird Management, Portland, OR, E-mail: todd_sanders@fws.gov. Richard A. Bowen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, E-mail: rbowen@colostate.edu.

Copyright:
©The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2011
Received:
05 Aug 2010
|
Accepted:
10 May 2011
|
Published Online:
01 Oct 2011
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
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