ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Monath TP, 1988. Yellow fever. Monath TP, ed. The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology, Vol. 5. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 139–231.
-
2.
Monath TP, 2001. Yellow fever: an update. Lancet Infect Dis 1: 11–20.
-
3.
Vainio J, Cutts F, 1998. Yellow fever. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
4.
Barrett ADT, Higgs S, 2007. Yellow fever: a disease that has yet to be conquered. Annu Rev Entomol 52: 209–229.
-
5.
World Health Organization, 2009. Yellow Fever. Fact Dheet No. 100. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/. Accessed January 13, 2011.
-
6.
Russell RC, Currie BJ, Lindsay MD, Mackenzie JS, Ritchie SA, Whelan PI, 2009. Dengue and climate change in Australia: predictions for the future should incorporate knowledge from the past. Med J Aust 190: 265–268.
-
7.
Aitken TH, Downs WG, Shope RE, 1977. Aedes aegypti strain fitness for yellow fever virus transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 26: 985–989.
-
8.
Tabachnick WJ, Wallis GP, Aitken TH, Miller BR, Amato GD, Lorenz L, Powell JR, Beaty BJ, 1985. Oral infection of Aedes aegypti with yellow fever virus: geographic variation and genetic considerations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34: 1219–1224.
-
9.
McGee CE, Tsetsarkin K, Vanlandingham DL, McElroy KL, Lang J, Guy B, Decelle T, Higgs S, 2008. Substitution of wild-type yellow fever Asibi sequences for 17D vaccine sequences in ChimeriVax–dengue 4 does not enhance infection of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. J Infect Dis 197: 686–692.
-
10.
Miller BR, Mitchell CJ, 1991. Genetic selection of a flavivirus–refractory strain of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. Am J Trop Med Hyg 45: 399–407.
-
11.
Wendell MD, Wilson TG, Higgs S, Black WC IV, 2000. Chemical and gamma–ray mutagenesis of the white gene in Aedes aegypti. Insect Mol Biol 9: 119–125.
-
12.
McElroy KL, Tsetsarkin KA, Vanlandingham DL, Higgs S, 2005. Characterization of an infectious clone of the wild–type yellow fever virus Asibi strain that is able to infect and disseminate in mosquitoes. J Gen Virol 86: 1747–1751.
-
13.
Miller BR, Monath TP, Tabachnick WJ, Ezike VI, 1989. Epidemic yellow fever caused by an incompetent mosquito vector. Trop Med Parasitol 40: 396–399.
-
14.
Mutebi JP, Gianella A, Travassos da Rosa A, Tesh RB, Barrett ADT, Higgs S, 2004. Yellow fever virus infectivity for Bolivian Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Emerg Infect Dis 10: 1657–1660.
-
15.
Turell MJ, Gargan TP II, Bailey CL, 1984. Replication and dissemination of Rift Valley fever virus in Culex pipiens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 33: 176–181.
-
16.
Gould EA, Buckley A, Cammack N, Barrett ADT, Clegg JCS, Ishak R, Varma MGR, 1985. Examination of the immunological relationships between flaviviruses using yellow fever virus monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol 66: 1369–1382.
-
17.
Moreira LA, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Jeffery JA, Lu G, Pyke AT, Hedges LM, Rocha BC, Hall-Mendelin S, Day A, Riegler M, Hugo LE, Johnson KN, Kay BH, McGraw EA, van den Hurk AF, Ryan PA, O'Neill SL, 2009. A Wolbachia symbiont in Aedes aegypti limits infection with dengue, Chikungunya, and Plasmodium. Cell 139: 1268–1278.
-
18.
van den Hurk AF, Hall–Mendelin S, Pyke AT, Smith GA, Mackenzie JS, 2010. Vector competence of Australian mosquitoes for chikungunya virus. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 10: 489–495.
-
19.
Jansen CC, Webb CE, Graham GC, Craig SB, Zborowski P, Ritchie SA, Russell RC, van den Hurk AF, 2009. Blood sources of mosquitoes collected from urban and peri-urban environments in eastern Australia with species-specific molecular analysis of avian blood meals. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 849–857.
-
20.
Montgomery BL, Ritchie SA, 2002. Roof gutters: a key container for Aedes aegypti and Ochlerotatus notoscriptus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 244–246.
-
21.
Perich MJ, Davila G, Turner A, Garcia A, Nelson M, 2000. Behavior of resting Aedes aegypti (Culicidae: Diptera) and its relation to ultra–low volume adulticide efficacy in Panama City, Panama. J Med Entomol 37: 541–546.
-
22.
Hanna JN, Ritchie SA, 2009. Outbreaks of dengue in north Queensland, 1990–2008. Commun Dis Intell 33: 32–33.
-
23.
Ritchie SA, Long S, Smith G, Pyke A, Knox TB, 2004. Entomological investigations in a focus of dengue transmission in Cairns, Queensland, Australia, by using the sticky ovitraps. J Med Entomol 41: 1–4.
-
24.
Russell RC, Mukwaya LG, Lule M, 1977. Laboratory studies on the transmission of yellow fever virus by Aedes (Finlaya) notoscriptus (Dipt., Culicidae). Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci 55: 649–651.
-
25.
Knox TB, Kay BH, Hall RA, Ryan PA, 2003. Enhanced vector competence of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Torres Strait compared with mainland Australia for dengue 2 and 4 viruses. J Med Entomol 40: 950–956.
-
26.
Lourenço de Oliveira R, Vazeille M, Bispo de Filippis AM, Failloux AB, 2003. Large genetic differentiation and low variation in vector competence for dengue and yellow fever viruses of Aedes albopictus from Brazil, the United States, and the Cayman Islands. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69: 105–114.
-
27.
Lee DJ, Hicks MM, Griffiths M, Russell RC, Marks EN, 1982. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region, Entomology Monograph No. 2, Vol. 2. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service Press.
-
28.
Kay BH, Watson TM, Ryan PA, 2008. Definition of productive Aedes notoscriptus (Diptera: Culicidae) habitats in western Brisbane, and a strategy for their control. Aust J Entomol 47: 142–148.
-
29.
Williams CR, Kokkinn MJ, Gilbert KS, 1999. Spatial heterogeneity in oviposition preference of the mosquito Aedes notoscriptus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust J Entomol 38: 354–358.
-
30.
Kay BH, Boyd AM, Ryan PA, Hall RA, 2007. Mosquito feeding patterns and natural infection of vertebrates with Ross River and Barmah Forest viruses in Brisbane, Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 417–423.
-
31.
Lee DJ, Hicks MM, Griffiths M, Russell RC, Marks EN, 1984. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region, Entomology Monograph No. 2, Vol. 3. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service Press.
-
32.
Hamlyn-Harris R, 1933. Some ecological factors involved in the dispersal of mosquitos in Queensland. Bull Entomol Res 24: 229–232.
-
33.
Pialoux G, Gaüzère BA, Jauréguiberry S, Strobel M, 2007. Chikungunya, an epidemic arbovirosis. Lancet Infect Dis 7: 319–327.
-
34.
Monath TP, 1999. Facing up to re-emergence of urban yellow fever. Lancet 353: 1541.
-
35.
Gardner CL, Ryman KD, 2010. Yellow fever: a reemerging threat. Clin Lab Med 30: 237–260.
-
36.
Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2010. 3401.0—Overseas Arrivals and Departures, Australia, Jan 2010. Available at: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3401.0Jan%202010?OpenDocument. Accessed November 16, 2010.
-
37.
Australian Government Department of Health and Aging, 2010. Yellow Fever—General Fact Sheet. Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/health-pubhlth-strateg-communic-factsheets-yellow.htm. Accessed November 16, 2010.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 805 | 749 | 84 |
| Full Text Views | 552 | 22 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 102 | 22 | 4 |
Vector Competence of Australian Mosquitoes for Yellow Fever Virus
Andrew F. van den Hurk
Andrew F. van den Hurk
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Kate McElroy
Kate McElroy
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Alyssa T. Pyke
Alyssa T. Pyke
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Charles E. McGee
Charles E. McGee
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Sonja Hall-Mendelin
Sonja Hall-Mendelin
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Andrew Day
Andrew Day
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Peter A. Ryan
Peter A. Ryan
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Scott A. Ritchie
Scott A. Ritchie
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Dana L. Vanlandingham
Dana L. Vanlandingham
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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Stephen Higgs
Stephen Higgs
Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Australia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; Tropical Population Health Network, Queensland Health, Cairns, Australia
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The vector competence of Australian mosquitoes for yellow fever virus (YFV) was evaluated. Infection and transmission rates in Cairns and Townsville populations of Aedes aegypti and a Brisbane strain of Ae. notoscriptus were not significantly different from a well-characterized YFV-susceptible strain of Ae. aegypti. After exposure to 107.2 tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/mL of an African strain of YFV, > 70% of Ae. aegypti and Ae. notoscriptus became infected, and > 50% transmitted the virus. When exposed to 106.7 TCID50/mL of a South American strain of YFV, the highest infection (64%) and transmission (56%) rates were observed in Ae. notoscriptus. The infection and transmission rates in the Cairns Ae. aegypti were both 24%, and they were 36% and 28%, respectively, for the Townsville population. Because competent vectors are present, the limited number of travelers from endemic areas and strict vaccination requirements will influence whether YFV transmission occurs in Australia.
Author Notes
Financial support: Andrew van den Hurk was supported by a Queensland International Fellowship. Both Jing Huang and Nicole Hausser were supported by National Institutes of Health Grant UC7 AI070083. Charles McGee was supported by Centers for Disease Control Grant for Public Health Research Dissertation (R36) PAR07–231. Funding for this study was also provided by the Australian Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre for Emerging Infectious Disease.
Authors' addresses: Andrew F. van den Hurk, Alyssa T. Pyke, Sonja Hall-Mendelin, and Andrew Day, Public Health Virology, Communicable Diseases Unit, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia, E-mails: andrew_hurk@health.qld.gov.au, alyssa_pyke@health.qld.gov.au, sonja_hall-mendelin@health.qld.gov.au, and drew_day@health.qld.gov.au. Kate McElroy, Charles E. McGee, Dana L. Vanlandingham, and Stephen Higgs, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX, E-mails: kmhorne@utmb.edu, cemcgee@email.unc.edu, dlvanlan@utmb.edu, and sthiggs@utmb.edu. Peter A. Ryan, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, E-mail: peter.ryan@uq.edu.au. Scott A. Ritchie, School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitative Services, James Cook University, Smithfield, Queensland, Australia, E-mail: scott.ritchie@jcu.edu.au.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Monath TP, 1988. Yellow fever. Monath TP, ed. The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology, Vol. 5. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 139–231.
-
2.
Monath TP, 2001. Yellow fever: an update. Lancet Infect Dis 1: 11–20.
-
3.
Vainio J, Cutts F, 1998. Yellow fever. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
4.
Barrett ADT, Higgs S, 2007. Yellow fever: a disease that has yet to be conquered. Annu Rev Entomol 52: 209–229.
-
5.
World Health Organization, 2009. Yellow Fever. Fact Dheet No. 100. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/. Accessed January 13, 2011.
-
6.
Russell RC, Currie BJ, Lindsay MD, Mackenzie JS, Ritchie SA, Whelan PI, 2009. Dengue and climate change in Australia: predictions for the future should incorporate knowledge from the past. Med J Aust 190: 265–268.
-
7.
Aitken TH, Downs WG, Shope RE, 1977. Aedes aegypti strain fitness for yellow fever virus transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 26: 985–989.
-
8.
Tabachnick WJ, Wallis GP, Aitken TH, Miller BR, Amato GD, Lorenz L, Powell JR, Beaty BJ, 1985. Oral infection of Aedes aegypti with yellow fever virus: geographic variation and genetic considerations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34: 1219–1224.
-
9.
McGee CE, Tsetsarkin K, Vanlandingham DL, McElroy KL, Lang J, Guy B, Decelle T, Higgs S, 2008. Substitution of wild-type yellow fever Asibi sequences for 17D vaccine sequences in ChimeriVax–dengue 4 does not enhance infection of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. J Infect Dis 197: 686–692.
-
10.
Miller BR, Mitchell CJ, 1991. Genetic selection of a flavivirus–refractory strain of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. Am J Trop Med Hyg 45: 399–407.
-
11.
Wendell MD, Wilson TG, Higgs S, Black WC IV, 2000. Chemical and gamma–ray mutagenesis of the white gene in Aedes aegypti. Insect Mol Biol 9: 119–125.
-
12.
McElroy KL, Tsetsarkin KA, Vanlandingham DL, Higgs S, 2005. Characterization of an infectious clone of the wild–type yellow fever virus Asibi strain that is able to infect and disseminate in mosquitoes. J Gen Virol 86: 1747–1751.
-
13.
Miller BR, Monath TP, Tabachnick WJ, Ezike VI, 1989. Epidemic yellow fever caused by an incompetent mosquito vector. Trop Med Parasitol 40: 396–399.
-
14.
Mutebi JP, Gianella A, Travassos da Rosa A, Tesh RB, Barrett ADT, Higgs S, 2004. Yellow fever virus infectivity for Bolivian Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Emerg Infect Dis 10: 1657–1660.
-
15.
Turell MJ, Gargan TP II, Bailey CL, 1984. Replication and dissemination of Rift Valley fever virus in Culex pipiens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 33: 176–181.
-
16.
Gould EA, Buckley A, Cammack N, Barrett ADT, Clegg JCS, Ishak R, Varma MGR, 1985. Examination of the immunological relationships between flaviviruses using yellow fever virus monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol 66: 1369–1382.
-
17.
Moreira LA, Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Jeffery JA, Lu G, Pyke AT, Hedges LM, Rocha BC, Hall-Mendelin S, Day A, Riegler M, Hugo LE, Johnson KN, Kay BH, McGraw EA, van den Hurk AF, Ryan PA, O'Neill SL, 2009. A Wolbachia symbiont in Aedes aegypti limits infection with dengue, Chikungunya, and Plasmodium. Cell 139: 1268–1278.
-
18.
van den Hurk AF, Hall–Mendelin S, Pyke AT, Smith GA, Mackenzie JS, 2010. Vector competence of Australian mosquitoes for chikungunya virus. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 10: 489–495.
-
19.
Jansen CC, Webb CE, Graham GC, Craig SB, Zborowski P, Ritchie SA, Russell RC, van den Hurk AF, 2009. Blood sources of mosquitoes collected from urban and peri-urban environments in eastern Australia with species-specific molecular analysis of avian blood meals. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 849–857.
-
20.
Montgomery BL, Ritchie SA, 2002. Roof gutters: a key container for Aedes aegypti and Ochlerotatus notoscriptus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 244–246.
-
21.
Perich MJ, Davila G, Turner A, Garcia A, Nelson M, 2000. Behavior of resting Aedes aegypti (Culicidae: Diptera) and its relation to ultra–low volume adulticide efficacy in Panama City, Panama. J Med Entomol 37: 541–546.
-
22.
Hanna JN, Ritchie SA, 2009. Outbreaks of dengue in north Queensland, 1990–2008. Commun Dis Intell 33: 32–33.
-
23.
Ritchie SA, Long S, Smith G, Pyke A, Knox TB, 2004. Entomological investigations in a focus of dengue transmission in Cairns, Queensland, Australia, by using the sticky ovitraps. J Med Entomol 41: 1–4.
-
24.
Russell RC, Mukwaya LG, Lule M, 1977. Laboratory studies on the transmission of yellow fever virus by Aedes (Finlaya) notoscriptus (Dipt., Culicidae). Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci 55: 649–651.
-
25.
Knox TB, Kay BH, Hall RA, Ryan PA, 2003. Enhanced vector competence of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Torres Strait compared with mainland Australia for dengue 2 and 4 viruses. J Med Entomol 40: 950–956.
-
26.
Lourenço de Oliveira R, Vazeille M, Bispo de Filippis AM, Failloux AB, 2003. Large genetic differentiation and low variation in vector competence for dengue and yellow fever viruses of Aedes albopictus from Brazil, the United States, and the Cayman Islands. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69: 105–114.
-
27.
Lee DJ, Hicks MM, Griffiths M, Russell RC, Marks EN, 1982. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region, Entomology Monograph No. 2, Vol. 2. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service Press.
-
28.
Kay BH, Watson TM, Ryan PA, 2008. Definition of productive Aedes notoscriptus (Diptera: Culicidae) habitats in western Brisbane, and a strategy for their control. Aust J Entomol 47: 142–148.
-
29.
Williams CR, Kokkinn MJ, Gilbert KS, 1999. Spatial heterogeneity in oviposition preference of the mosquito Aedes notoscriptus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Adelaide, South Australia. Aust J Entomol 38: 354–358.
-
30.
Kay BH, Boyd AM, Ryan PA, Hall RA, 2007. Mosquito feeding patterns and natural infection of vertebrates with Ross River and Barmah Forest viruses in Brisbane, Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 417–423.
-
31.
Lee DJ, Hicks MM, Griffiths M, Russell RC, Marks EN, 1984. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region, Entomology Monograph No. 2, Vol. 3. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service Press.
-
32.
Hamlyn-Harris R, 1933. Some ecological factors involved in the dispersal of mosquitos in Queensland. Bull Entomol Res 24: 229–232.
-
33.
Pialoux G, Gaüzère BA, Jauréguiberry S, Strobel M, 2007. Chikungunya, an epidemic arbovirosis. Lancet Infect Dis 7: 319–327.
-
34.
Monath TP, 1999. Facing up to re-emergence of urban yellow fever. Lancet 353: 1541.
-
35.
Gardner CL, Ryman KD, 2010. Yellow fever: a reemerging threat. Clin Lab Med 30: 237–260.
-
36.
Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2010. 3401.0—Overseas Arrivals and Departures, Australia, Jan 2010. Available at: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3401.0Jan%202010?OpenDocument. Accessed November 16, 2010.
-
37.
Australian Government Department of Health and Aging, 2010. Yellow Fever—General Fact Sheet. Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/health-pubhlth-strateg-communic-factsheets-yellow.htm. Accessed November 16, 2010.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 805 | 749 | 84 |
| Full Text Views | 552 | 22 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 102 | 22 | 4 |