ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
World Health Organization, 1997. Amebiasis. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 72 :97–100.
-
2
Carme B, Viot J, Hayette MP, Josse Jet Germain J, 1995. Amibiase intestinale sévère d’origine européenne? Med Mal Infect 25 :761–763.
-
3
Walsh JA, 1986. Problems in recognition and diagnosis of amebiasis: estimation of the global magnitude of morbidity and mortality. Rev Infect Dis 8 :228–238.
-
4
Haque R, Mondal D, Kirkpatrick BD, Akther S, Farr BM, Sack RB, Petri WA Jr, 2003. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of acute diarrhea with emphasis on Entamoeba histolytica infections in preschool children in an urban slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :398–405.
-
5
Abd-Alla MD, Jackson TG, Ravdin JI, 1998. Serum IgM antibody response to the galactose-inhibitable adherence lectin of Entameoba histolytica. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :431–434.
-
6
Tanyuksel M, Petri WA Jr, 2003. Laboratory diagnosis of amebiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev 16 :713–729.
-
7
Kebede A, Verweij JJ, Endeshaw T, Messele T, Tasew G, Petros B, Polderman AM, 2004. The use of real-time PCR to identify Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar infections in prisoners and primary-school children in Ethiopia. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 98 :43–48.
-
8
Moran P, Ramos F, Ramino M, Curiel O, Gonzalez E, Valadez A, Gomez A, Garcia G, Melendros EI, Ximenez C, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica and/or Entamoeba dispar: Infection frequency in HIV+/AIDS patients in Mexico City. Exp Parasitol 110 :331–334.
-
9
Hung CC, Deng HY, Hsiao WH, Hsieh SM, Hsiao CF, Chen MY, Chang SC, Su KE, 2005. Invasive amebiasis as an emerging parasitic disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in Taiwan. Arch Intern Med 165 :409–415.
-
10
Zaki M, Reddy SG, Jackson TF, Ravdin JI, Clark CG, 2003. Genotyping of Entamoeba species in South Africa: Diversity, stability, and transmission patterns within families. Infect Dis 187 :1860–1869.
-
11
Von Brand T, Rees CR, Jacobs L, Reardon LV, 1943. Studies on reducing substances and gas formation in cultures of Entamoeba histolytica and a single species of symbiotic bacterium. Am J Hyg 37 :310–319.
-
12
Robinson GL, 1968. The laboratory diagnosis of human parasitic amebae. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 62 :285–294.
-
13
Diamond LS, 1982. A new liquid medium for xenic cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica and other lumen dwelling protozoa. J Parasitol 68 :958–959.
-
14
Samie A, Mduluza T, Sabeta CT, Njayou M, Bessong PO, Obi CL, 2005. Detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar from clinical samples by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Trop Microbiol Biotechnol 5 :3–9.
-
15
Haque R, Ali IK, Akther S, Petri WA Jr, 1998. Comparison of PCR, isoenzyme analysis, and antigen detection for diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica infection. J Clin Microbiol 36 :449–452.
-
16
Diamond LS, Clark CG, 1993. A redescription of Entamoeba histolytica Schaudinn, 1903 (emended Walker, 1911) separating it from Entamoeba dispar Brumpt, 1925. J Eukaryot Microbiol 40 :340–344.
-
17
Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL, 2003. The global burden of diarrheal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and 2000. Bull World Health Organ 81 :197–204.
-
18
UNAIDS, 2004. Report on the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic. Geneva, Switzerland. Available at http://www.unaids.org/bangkok2004/report.html. Accessed October 20, 2005.
-
19
Banerjee B, Hazra S, Bandyopadhyay D, 2004. Diarrhea management among under fives. Indian Pediatr 41 :255–260.
-
20
Guerrant RL, Oria R, Bushen OY, Patrick PD, Houpt E, Lima AA, 2005. Global impact of diarrheal diseases that are sampled by travelers: the rest of the hippopotamus. Clin Infect Dis 1 (Suppl 8):S524–S530.
-
21
Department of Health, National HIV and Syphilis Antenatal Sero-prevalence Survey in South Africa2005. Pretoria, South Africa. Available at http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/reports/. Accessed October 20, 2005.
-
22
Tadesse A, Kassu A, 2005. Intestinal parasite isolates in AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea in Gondar Teaching Hospital, North West Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J 43 :93–96.
-
23
Weber R, Ledergerber B, Zbinden R, Altwegg M, Pfyffer GE, Spycher MA, Briner J, Kaiser L, Opravil M, Myenberger C, Flepp M, 1999. Enteric infections and diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons: Prospective community-based cohort study. Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Arch Intern Med 159 :1473–1480.
-
24
Katzwinkel-Wladarsch S, Loscher T, Rinder H, 1994. Direct amplification and differentiation of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Entamoeba histolytica DNA from stool specimens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :115–118.
-
25
Ali IK, Hossain MB, Roy S, Ayeh-Kumi PF, Petri WA Jr, Haque R, Clark CG, 2003. Entamoeba moshkovskii infections in children in Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 9 :580–584.
-
26
Haghighi A, Kobayashi S, Takeuchi T, Thammapalerd N, Nozaki T, 2003. Geographic diversity among genotypes of Entamoeba histolytica field isolates. J Clin Microbiol 41 :3748–3756.
-
27
Calderaro A, Gorrini C, Bommezzadri S, Piccolo G, Dettori G, Chezzi C, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar: comparison of two PCR assays for diagnosis in a non-endemic setting. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100 :450–457.
-
28
Lebbad M, Svard SG, 2005. PCR differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar from patients with ameba infection initially diagnosed by microscopy. Scand J Infect Dis 37 :680–685.
-
29
Ramos F, Moran P, Gonzalez F, Garcia G, Ramiro M, Gomez A, de Leon Mdel C, Melendro EI, Valadez A, Ximenez C, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar: prevalence infection in a rural Mexican community. Exp Parasitol 110 :327–330.
-
30
Rivera WL, Santos SR, Kanbara H, 2006. Prevalence and genetic diversity of Entamoeba histolytica in an institution for the mentally retarded in the Philippines. Parasitol Res 98 :106–110.
-
31
Al-Hindi A, Shubair ME, Marshall I, Ashford RW, Sharif FA, Abed AA, Kamel EG, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica or Entamoeba dispar among children in Gaza, Gaza Strip? J Egypt Soc Parasitol 35 :59–68.
-
32
Nesbitt RA, Mosha FW, Katki HA, Ashraf M, Assenga C, Lee CM, 2004. Amebiasis and comparison of microscopy to ELISA technique in detection of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar. J Natl Med Assoc 96 :671–677.
-
33
Verweij JJ, Oostvogel F, Brienen EA, Nang-Beifubah A, Ziem J, Polderman AM, 2003. Short communication: Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar in northern Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 8 :1153–1156.
-
34
Gathiram V, Jackson TF, 1985. Frequency distribution of Entamoeba histolytica zymodemes in a rural South African population. Lancet 30 :719–721.
-
35
Stauffer W, Abd-Alla M, Ravdin JI, 2006. Prevalence and incidence of Entamoeba histolytica infection in South Africa and Egypt. Arch Med Res 37 :265–268.
-
36
Abd-Alla MD, Ravdin JI, 2002. Diagnosis of amebic colitis by antigen capture ELISA in patients presenting with acute amebic diarrhea in Cairo. Egypt Trop Med Intern Health 7 :365–370.
-
37
Okamoto M, Kawabe T, Ohata K, Togo G, Hada T, Katamoto T, Tanno M, Matsumura M, Yamaji Y, Watabe H, Ikenoue T, Yoshida H, Omata M, 2005. Amebic colitis in asymptomatic subjects with positive fecal occult blood test results: Clinical features different from symptomatic cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73 :934–935.
-
38
Barwick RS, Uzicanin A, Lareau S, Malakmadze N, Imnadze P, Iosava M, Ninashvili N, Wilson M, Hightower AW, Johnston S, Bishop H, Petri WA Jr, Juranek DD, 2002. Outbreak of amebiasis in Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia, 1998. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67 :623–631.
-
39
Speelman P, Kabir I, Islam M, 1984. Distribution and spread of colonic lesion in Shigellosis: A colonoscopic study. J Infect Dis 50 :899–903.
-
40
Guerrant RL, Brush J, Ravdin JI, Sullivan JA, Mandell GL, 1981. Interaction between Entamoeba histolytica and human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. J Infect Dis 143 :83–93.
-
41
Callendar GR, 1933. The differential pathology of dysentery. Am J Trp Med Hyg 14 :207–233.
-
42
Aly SM, El-Zawawy LA, Said DE, Fathy FM, Mohamed O, 2005. The utility of lactoferrin in differentiating parasitic from bacterial infections. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 35 (3 Suppl):1149–1162.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 343 | 304 | 16 |
| Full Text Views | 311 | 4 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 104 | 4 | 1 |
PREVALENCE AND SPECIES DISTRIBUTION OF E. HISTOLYTICA AND E. DISPAR IN THE VENDA REGION, LIMPOPO, SOUTH AFRICA
AMIDOU SAMIE
AMIDOU SAMIE
Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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LARRY C. OBI
LARRY C. OBI
Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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PASCAL O. BESSONG
PASCAL O. BESSONG
Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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SUZANNE STROUP
SUZANNE STROUP
Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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ERIC HOUPT
ERIC HOUPT
Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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RICHARD L. GUERRANT
RICHARD L. GUERRANT
Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa; Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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The prevalence and species distribution of Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar in the Venda region were determined in stool samples collected from public hospitals and primary schools by ELISA and a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). E. histolytica was detected in 37/197 (18.8%) and 1/47 (2.1%) samples, whereas 50/197 (25.3%) and 4/47 (8.5%) had E. dispar in the hospitals and schools, respectively. The age groups most infected were 0–2 (33%) years followed by 20–29 years (27%). E. histolytica was significantly associated with diarrhea (77.4% versus 22.6%; χ2 = 39.48, P < 0.05), and with the presence of lactoferrin (85.7% versus 14.2%) in the stools, indicating intestinal inflammation (χ2 = 29.605, P < 0.05). E. histolytica was found in 5 (16.12%) of the 31 HIV-positive individuals and in 33 (15.5%) of the 213 HIV-negative individuals. E. histolytica infections are common in the Venda region and are associated with diarrhea and intestinal inflammation.
Author Notes
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
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-
1
World Health Organization, 1997. Amebiasis. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 72 :97–100.
-
2
Carme B, Viot J, Hayette MP, Josse Jet Germain J, 1995. Amibiase intestinale sévère d’origine européenne? Med Mal Infect 25 :761–763.
-
3
Walsh JA, 1986. Problems in recognition and diagnosis of amebiasis: estimation of the global magnitude of morbidity and mortality. Rev Infect Dis 8 :228–238.
-
4
Haque R, Mondal D, Kirkpatrick BD, Akther S, Farr BM, Sack RB, Petri WA Jr, 2003. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of acute diarrhea with emphasis on Entamoeba histolytica infections in preschool children in an urban slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69 :398–405.
-
5
Abd-Alla MD, Jackson TG, Ravdin JI, 1998. Serum IgM antibody response to the galactose-inhibitable adherence lectin of Entameoba histolytica. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :431–434.
-
6
Tanyuksel M, Petri WA Jr, 2003. Laboratory diagnosis of amebiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev 16 :713–729.
-
7
Kebede A, Verweij JJ, Endeshaw T, Messele T, Tasew G, Petros B, Polderman AM, 2004. The use of real-time PCR to identify Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar infections in prisoners and primary-school children in Ethiopia. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 98 :43–48.
-
8
Moran P, Ramos F, Ramino M, Curiel O, Gonzalez E, Valadez A, Gomez A, Garcia G, Melendros EI, Ximenez C, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica and/or Entamoeba dispar: Infection frequency in HIV+/AIDS patients in Mexico City. Exp Parasitol 110 :331–334.
-
9
Hung CC, Deng HY, Hsiao WH, Hsieh SM, Hsiao CF, Chen MY, Chang SC, Su KE, 2005. Invasive amebiasis as an emerging parasitic disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in Taiwan. Arch Intern Med 165 :409–415.
-
10
Zaki M, Reddy SG, Jackson TF, Ravdin JI, Clark CG, 2003. Genotyping of Entamoeba species in South Africa: Diversity, stability, and transmission patterns within families. Infect Dis 187 :1860–1869.
-
11
Von Brand T, Rees CR, Jacobs L, Reardon LV, 1943. Studies on reducing substances and gas formation in cultures of Entamoeba histolytica and a single species of symbiotic bacterium. Am J Hyg 37 :310–319.
-
12
Robinson GL, 1968. The laboratory diagnosis of human parasitic amebae. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 62 :285–294.
-
13
Diamond LS, 1982. A new liquid medium for xenic cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica and other lumen dwelling protozoa. J Parasitol 68 :958–959.
-
14
Samie A, Mduluza T, Sabeta CT, Njayou M, Bessong PO, Obi CL, 2005. Detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar from clinical samples by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Trop Microbiol Biotechnol 5 :3–9.
-
15
Haque R, Ali IK, Akther S, Petri WA Jr, 1998. Comparison of PCR, isoenzyme analysis, and antigen detection for diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica infection. J Clin Microbiol 36 :449–452.
-
16
Diamond LS, Clark CG, 1993. A redescription of Entamoeba histolytica Schaudinn, 1903 (emended Walker, 1911) separating it from Entamoeba dispar Brumpt, 1925. J Eukaryot Microbiol 40 :340–344.
-
17
Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL, 2003. The global burden of diarrheal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and 2000. Bull World Health Organ 81 :197–204.
-
18
UNAIDS, 2004. Report on the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic. Geneva, Switzerland. Available at http://www.unaids.org/bangkok2004/report.html. Accessed October 20, 2005.
-
19
Banerjee B, Hazra S, Bandyopadhyay D, 2004. Diarrhea management among under fives. Indian Pediatr 41 :255–260.
-
20
Guerrant RL, Oria R, Bushen OY, Patrick PD, Houpt E, Lima AA, 2005. Global impact of diarrheal diseases that are sampled by travelers: the rest of the hippopotamus. Clin Infect Dis 1 (Suppl 8):S524–S530.
-
21
Department of Health, National HIV and Syphilis Antenatal Sero-prevalence Survey in South Africa2005. Pretoria, South Africa. Available at http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/reports/. Accessed October 20, 2005.
-
22
Tadesse A, Kassu A, 2005. Intestinal parasite isolates in AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea in Gondar Teaching Hospital, North West Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J 43 :93–96.
-
23
Weber R, Ledergerber B, Zbinden R, Altwegg M, Pfyffer GE, Spycher MA, Briner J, Kaiser L, Opravil M, Myenberger C, Flepp M, 1999. Enteric infections and diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons: Prospective community-based cohort study. Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Arch Intern Med 159 :1473–1480.
-
24
Katzwinkel-Wladarsch S, Loscher T, Rinder H, 1994. Direct amplification and differentiation of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Entamoeba histolytica DNA from stool specimens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51 :115–118.
-
25
Ali IK, Hossain MB, Roy S, Ayeh-Kumi PF, Petri WA Jr, Haque R, Clark CG, 2003. Entamoeba moshkovskii infections in children in Bangladesh. Emerg Infect Dis 9 :580–584.
-
26
Haghighi A, Kobayashi S, Takeuchi T, Thammapalerd N, Nozaki T, 2003. Geographic diversity among genotypes of Entamoeba histolytica field isolates. J Clin Microbiol 41 :3748–3756.
-
27
Calderaro A, Gorrini C, Bommezzadri S, Piccolo G, Dettori G, Chezzi C, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar: comparison of two PCR assays for diagnosis in a non-endemic setting. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100 :450–457.
-
28
Lebbad M, Svard SG, 2005. PCR differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar from patients with ameba infection initially diagnosed by microscopy. Scand J Infect Dis 37 :680–685.
-
29
Ramos F, Moran P, Gonzalez F, Garcia G, Ramiro M, Gomez A, de Leon Mdel C, Melendro EI, Valadez A, Ximenez C, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar: prevalence infection in a rural Mexican community. Exp Parasitol 110 :327–330.
-
30
Rivera WL, Santos SR, Kanbara H, 2006. Prevalence and genetic diversity of Entamoeba histolytica in an institution for the mentally retarded in the Philippines. Parasitol Res 98 :106–110.
-
31
Al-Hindi A, Shubair ME, Marshall I, Ashford RW, Sharif FA, Abed AA, Kamel EG, 2005. Entamoeba histolytica or Entamoeba dispar among children in Gaza, Gaza Strip? J Egypt Soc Parasitol 35 :59–68.
-
32
Nesbitt RA, Mosha FW, Katki HA, Ashraf M, Assenga C, Lee CM, 2004. Amebiasis and comparison of microscopy to ELISA technique in detection of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar. J Natl Med Assoc 96 :671–677.
-
33
Verweij JJ, Oostvogel F, Brienen EA, Nang-Beifubah A, Ziem J, Polderman AM, 2003. Short communication: Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar in northern Ghana. Trop Med Int Health 8 :1153–1156.
-
34
Gathiram V, Jackson TF, 1985. Frequency distribution of Entamoeba histolytica zymodemes in a rural South African population. Lancet 30 :719–721.
-
35
Stauffer W, Abd-Alla M, Ravdin JI, 2006. Prevalence and incidence of Entamoeba histolytica infection in South Africa and Egypt. Arch Med Res 37 :265–268.
-
36
Abd-Alla MD, Ravdin JI, 2002. Diagnosis of amebic colitis by antigen capture ELISA in patients presenting with acute amebic diarrhea in Cairo. Egypt Trop Med Intern Health 7 :365–370.
-
37
Okamoto M, Kawabe T, Ohata K, Togo G, Hada T, Katamoto T, Tanno M, Matsumura M, Yamaji Y, Watabe H, Ikenoue T, Yoshida H, Omata M, 2005. Amebic colitis in asymptomatic subjects with positive fecal occult blood test results: Clinical features different from symptomatic cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73 :934–935.
-
38
Barwick RS, Uzicanin A, Lareau S, Malakmadze N, Imnadze P, Iosava M, Ninashvili N, Wilson M, Hightower AW, Johnston S, Bishop H, Petri WA Jr, Juranek DD, 2002. Outbreak of amebiasis in Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia, 1998. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67 :623–631.
-
39
Speelman P, Kabir I, Islam M, 1984. Distribution and spread of colonic lesion in Shigellosis: A colonoscopic study. J Infect Dis 50 :899–903.
-
40
Guerrant RL, Brush J, Ravdin JI, Sullivan JA, Mandell GL, 1981. Interaction between Entamoeba histolytica and human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. J Infect Dis 143 :83–93.
-
41
Callendar GR, 1933. The differential pathology of dysentery. Am J Trp Med Hyg 14 :207–233.
-
42
Aly SM, El-Zawawy LA, Said DE, Fathy FM, Mohamed O, 2005. The utility of lactoferrin in differentiating parasitic from bacterial infections. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 35 (3 Suppl):1149–1162.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 343 | 304 | 16 |
| Full Text Views | 311 | 4 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 104 | 4 | 1 |