ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
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-
1
Ozbel Y, Turgay N, Ozensoy S, Ozbilgin A, Alkan MZ, Ozcel MA, Jaffe CL, Schnur L, Oskam L, Abranches P, 1995. Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean region. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1 :89–93.
-
2
World Health Organization and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 1998. Leishmania and HIV in gridlock. CTD/LEISH/98.9 Geneva, Switzerland.
-
3
Totan M, Dagdemir A, Muslu A, Albayrak D, 2002. Visceral childhood leishmaniasis in Turkey. Acta Paediatr 91 :62–64.
-
4
Cascio A, Colomba C, 2003. Childhood Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis. Infez Med 11 :5–10.
-
5
Desjeux P, 2001. The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95 :239–243.
-
6
Desjeux P, 2004. Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 27 :305–318.
-
7
Desjeux P, 1999. Global control and Leishmania HIV co-infection. Clin Dermatol 17 :317–325.
-
8
Desjeux P, Alvar J, 2003. Leishmania/HIV co-infections: epidemiology in Europe. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl 1):3–15.
-
9
Leishmania/HIV co-infection, South-western Europe 1990–1998. Geneva: World Health Organization, mimeographed document WHO/LEISH/2000.42.
-
10
Wijeyarante PM, Arsenault LK, Murphy CJ, 1994. Endemic disease and development: the leishmaniasis. Acta Trop 56 :349–364.
-
11
Meredith SE, Kroon NC, Sondorp E, Seaman J, Goris MG, van Ingen CW, Oosting H, Schoone GJ, Terpstra WJ, Oskam L, 1995. Leish-KIT, a stable direct agglutination test based on freeze-dried antigen for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. J Clin Microbiol 33 :1742–1745.
-
12
Sundar S, Rai M, 2002. Laboratory diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 9 :951–958.
-
13
Singh S, Sivakumar R, 2003. Recent advances in the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. J Postgrad Med 49 :55–60.
-
14
Kar K, 1995. Serodiagnosis of leishmaniasis. Crit Rev Microbiol 21 :123–152.
-
15
Schallig HD, Canto-Cavalherio M, da Silva ES, 2002. Evaluation of the direct agglutination test and the rK39 dipstick test for the sero-diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 97 :1015–1018.
-
16
Deniau M, Canavate C, Faraut-Gambarelli F, Marty P, 2003. The biological diagnosis of leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl 1):115–133.
-
17
Lachaud L, Chabbert E, Dubessay P, Reynes J, Lamothe J, Bastien P, 2001. Comparison of various sample preparation methods for PCR diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis using peripheral blood. J Clin Microbiol 39 :613–617.
-
18
Fisa R, Riera C, Gallego M, Manubens J, Portus M, 2001. Nested PCR for diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis in peripheral blood, lymph node and bone marrow aspirates. Vet Parasitol 99 :105–111.
-
19
Fisa R, Riera C, Ribera E, Gallego M, Portus M, 2002. A nested polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis and follow-up of human visceral leishmaniasis patients using blood samples. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 (Suppl 1):191–194.
-
20
Riera C, Fisa R, Udina M, Gallego M, Portus M, 2004. Detection of Leishmania infantum cryptic infection in asymptomatic blood donors living in an endemic area (Eivissa, Balearic Islands, Spain) by different diagnostic methods. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98 :102–110.
-
21
Campino L, Cortes S, Pires R, Oskam L, Abranches P, 2000. Detection of Leishmania in immunocompromised patients using peripheral blood spots on filter paper and the polymerase chain reaction. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 19 :396–398.
-
22
le Fichoux Y, Quaranta JF, Aufeuvre JP, Lelievre A, Marty P, Suffia I, Rousseau D, Kubar J, 1999. Occurrence of Leishmania infantum parasitemia in asymptomatic blood donors living in an area of endemicity in southern France. J Clin Microbiol 3 :1953–1957.
-
23
Allahverdiyev AM, Uzun S, Bagirova M, Durdu M, Memisoglu HR, 2004. A sensitive new microculture method for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70 :294–297.
-
24
Chulay JD, Bryceson AD, 1983. Quantitation of amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in smears of splenic aspirates from patients with visceral leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32 :475–479.
-
25
Murray W, 1998. Leishmaniasis. Feigin RD, Cherry JD, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 4th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders.
-
26
Herwaldt W, 1999. Leishmaniasis. Lancet 354 :1191–1199.
-
27
Peter CM, 2000. Leishmaniasis. Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HB, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 16th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders.
-
28
Lightner LK, Chulay JD, Bryceson AD, 1983. Comparison of microscopy and culture in the detection of Leishmania donovani from splenic aspirates. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32 :296–299.
-
29
Weigle KA, de Davalos M, Heredia P, Molineros R, Saravia NG, D’Alessandro A, 1987. Diagnosis of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia: a comparison of seven methods. Am J Trop Med Hyg 36 :489–496.
-
30
Navin TR, Arana FE, de Merida AM, Arana BA, Castillo AL, Silvers DN, 1990. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala: comparison of diagnostic methods. Am J Trop Med Hyg 42 :36–42.
-
31
Barrouin-Melo SM, Larangeira DF, Trigo J, Aguiar PH, dos-Santos WL, Pontes-de-Carvalho L, 2004. Comparison between splenic and lymph node aspirations as sampling methods for the parasitological detection of Leishmania chagasi infection in dogs. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99 :195–197.
-
32
Hendricks L, Wright N, 1979. Diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis by in vitro cultivation of saline aspirates in Schneider’s Drosophila Medium. Am J Trop Med Hyg 28 :962–964.
-
33
Hendricks LD, Childs GE, 1980. Present knowledge of the in vitro cultivation of Leishmania. Tropical Diseases Research Series: 3. Basel: Schwabe & Co. AG, 251–274.
-
34
Hockmeyer WT, Kager PA, Rees PH, Hendricks LD, 1982. The culture of Leishmania donovani in Schneider’s insect medium: its value in the diagnosis and management of patients with visceral leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 75 :861–863.
-
35
Dey T, Afrin F, Anam K, Ali N, 2002. Infectivity and virulence of Leishmania donovani promastigotes: a role for media, source, and strain of parasite. J Eukaryot Microbiol 49 :270–274.
-
36
Sundar S, Pai K, Kumar R, Pathak-Tripathi K, Gam AA, Ray M, Kenney RT, 2001. Resistance to treatment in Kala-azar: speciation of isolates from northeast India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :193–196.
-
37
Howard MK, Pharoah MM, Ashall F, Miles MA, 1991. Human urine stimulates growth of Leishmania in vitro. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 85 :477–479.
-
38
Allakhverdiev AM, Nushtaev DA, 1986. Methods of concentrating erythrocytes affected with the malaria parasite and free parasites (a review of the literature). Lab Delo 5 :259–261.
-
39
Allakhverdiev AM, 1988. Detection of malaria parasite’s isoenzyme by acetate-cellulose electrophoresis combined with blood concentration in capillary. Med Parazitol 6 :6–8.
-
40
Gross U, Roggenkamp A, Janitschke K, Heesemann J, 1992. Improved sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in biological and human clinical specimens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 11 :33–39.
-
41
Costa JM, Durand R, Deniau M, Rivollet D, Izri M, Houin R, Vidaud M, Bretagne S, 1996. PCR enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay for diagnosis of leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Clin Microbiol 34 :1831–1833.
-
42
Reithinger R, Lambson BE, Barker DC, Davies CR, 2000. Use of PCR to detect Leishmania (Viannia) spp. in dog blood and bone marrow. J Clin Microbiol 38 :748–751.
-
43
Izri MA, Robineau M, Petithory JC, Rousset JJ, 1993. Leishmaniose viscerale, diagnostic parasitologique par leucoconcentration. Presse Medicalw 22 :1010.
-
44
Izri MA, Deniau M, Briere C, Rivollet D, Petithory JC, Houin R, Rousset JJ, 1996. Leishmaniasis in AIDS patients: results of leukocytoconcentration, a fast biological method of diagnosis. Bull World Health Organ 74 :91–93.
-
45
Lemesre JL, Santoro FRF, Loyens M, Sadigursky M, Carpon A, 1988. Autoregulation de la croissance in vitro des Trypanosomatidae. C R Acad Sci 307 :283–288.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 69 | 39 | 4 |
| Full Text Views | 344 | 2 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 52 | 2 | 0 |
THE VALUE OF A NEW MICROCULTURE METHOD FOR DIAGNOSIS OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS BY USING BONE MARROW AND PERIPHERAL BLOOD
ADIL M. ALLAHVERDIYEV
ADIL M. ALLAHVERDIYEV
Cukurova University, Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Adana, Turkey; Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Adana, Turkey
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MALAHAT BAGIROVA
MALAHAT BAGIROVA
Cukurova University, Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Adana, Turkey; Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Adana, Turkey
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SONER UZUN
SONER UZUN
Cukurova University, Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Adana, Turkey; Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Adana, Turkey
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DERYA ALABAZ
DERYA ALABAZ
Cukurova University, Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Adana, Turkey; Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Adana, Turkey
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NECMI AKSARAY
NECMI AKSARAY
Cukurova University, Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Adana, Turkey; Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Adana, Turkey
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EMINE KOCABAS
EMINE KOCABAS
Cukurova University, Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Adana, Turkey; Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Adana, Turkey
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FATIH KOKSAL
FATIH KOKSAL
Cukurova University, Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Adana, Turkey; Cukurova University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases Unit, Adana, Turkey
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We have demonstrated that the microculture method (MCM) enables the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) with samples from both the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB). The MCM is superior to the traditional culture method (TCM) as determined by its higher sensitivity in the detection of promastigotes and the more rapid time for emergence of promastigotes. The sensitivity of MCM (100% in BMs and 77.8–100% in PB) was considerably higher than that of the TCM (37.5–100% in BMs and 0–100% in PB) according to decreasing parasite density (P < 0.05). The concentration of parasites in buffy coats has increased the sensitivity of both methods, especially that of the MCM. Detection of promastigotes by MCM requires lower amounts of culture media (25–50 μL) and shorter incubation periods (2–7 days) than TCM (2.5–3.5 mL and 15–35 days, respectively). MCM was found to be valuable with the advantages of simplicity and sensitivity, in addition to being cost-effective in the routine diagnosis for VL in Adana Turkey.
Author Notes
ProCite
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-
1
Ozbel Y, Turgay N, Ozensoy S, Ozbilgin A, Alkan MZ, Ozcel MA, Jaffe CL, Schnur L, Oskam L, Abranches P, 1995. Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean region. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1 :89–93.
-
2
World Health Organization and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 1998. Leishmania and HIV in gridlock. CTD/LEISH/98.9 Geneva, Switzerland.
-
3
Totan M, Dagdemir A, Muslu A, Albayrak D, 2002. Visceral childhood leishmaniasis in Turkey. Acta Paediatr 91 :62–64.
-
4
Cascio A, Colomba C, 2003. Childhood Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis. Infez Med 11 :5–10.
-
5
Desjeux P, 2001. The increase in risk factors for leishmaniasis worldwide. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95 :239–243.
-
6
Desjeux P, 2004. Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 27 :305–318.
-
7
Desjeux P, 1999. Global control and Leishmania HIV co-infection. Clin Dermatol 17 :317–325.
-
8
Desjeux P, Alvar J, 2003. Leishmania/HIV co-infections: epidemiology in Europe. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl 1):3–15.
-
9
Leishmania/HIV co-infection, South-western Europe 1990–1998. Geneva: World Health Organization, mimeographed document WHO/LEISH/2000.42.
-
10
Wijeyarante PM, Arsenault LK, Murphy CJ, 1994. Endemic disease and development: the leishmaniasis. Acta Trop 56 :349–364.
-
11
Meredith SE, Kroon NC, Sondorp E, Seaman J, Goris MG, van Ingen CW, Oosting H, Schoone GJ, Terpstra WJ, Oskam L, 1995. Leish-KIT, a stable direct agglutination test based on freeze-dried antigen for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. J Clin Microbiol 33 :1742–1745.
-
12
Sundar S, Rai M, 2002. Laboratory diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 9 :951–958.
-
13
Singh S, Sivakumar R, 2003. Recent advances in the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. J Postgrad Med 49 :55–60.
-
14
Kar K, 1995. Serodiagnosis of leishmaniasis. Crit Rev Microbiol 21 :123–152.
-
15
Schallig HD, Canto-Cavalherio M, da Silva ES, 2002. Evaluation of the direct agglutination test and the rK39 dipstick test for the sero-diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 97 :1015–1018.
-
16
Deniau M, Canavate C, Faraut-Gambarelli F, Marty P, 2003. The biological diagnosis of leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97 (Suppl 1):115–133.
-
17
Lachaud L, Chabbert E, Dubessay P, Reynes J, Lamothe J, Bastien P, 2001. Comparison of various sample preparation methods for PCR diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis using peripheral blood. J Clin Microbiol 39 :613–617.
-
18
Fisa R, Riera C, Gallego M, Manubens J, Portus M, 2001. Nested PCR for diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis in peripheral blood, lymph node and bone marrow aspirates. Vet Parasitol 99 :105–111.
-
19
Fisa R, Riera C, Ribera E, Gallego M, Portus M, 2002. A nested polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis and follow-up of human visceral leishmaniasis patients using blood samples. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96 (Suppl 1):191–194.
-
20
Riera C, Fisa R, Udina M, Gallego M, Portus M, 2004. Detection of Leishmania infantum cryptic infection in asymptomatic blood donors living in an endemic area (Eivissa, Balearic Islands, Spain) by different diagnostic methods. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98 :102–110.
-
21
Campino L, Cortes S, Pires R, Oskam L, Abranches P, 2000. Detection of Leishmania in immunocompromised patients using peripheral blood spots on filter paper and the polymerase chain reaction. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 19 :396–398.
-
22
le Fichoux Y, Quaranta JF, Aufeuvre JP, Lelievre A, Marty P, Suffia I, Rousseau D, Kubar J, 1999. Occurrence of Leishmania infantum parasitemia in asymptomatic blood donors living in an area of endemicity in southern France. J Clin Microbiol 3 :1953–1957.
-
23
Allahverdiyev AM, Uzun S, Bagirova M, Durdu M, Memisoglu HR, 2004. A sensitive new microculture method for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70 :294–297.
-
24
Chulay JD, Bryceson AD, 1983. Quantitation of amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in smears of splenic aspirates from patients with visceral leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32 :475–479.
-
25
Murray W, 1998. Leishmaniasis. Feigin RD, Cherry JD, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 4th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders.
-
26
Herwaldt W, 1999. Leishmaniasis. Lancet 354 :1191–1199.
-
27
Peter CM, 2000. Leishmaniasis. Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HB, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 16th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders.
-
28
Lightner LK, Chulay JD, Bryceson AD, 1983. Comparison of microscopy and culture in the detection of Leishmania donovani from splenic aspirates. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32 :296–299.
-
29
Weigle KA, de Davalos M, Heredia P, Molineros R, Saravia NG, D’Alessandro A, 1987. Diagnosis of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia: a comparison of seven methods. Am J Trop Med Hyg 36 :489–496.
-
30
Navin TR, Arana FE, de Merida AM, Arana BA, Castillo AL, Silvers DN, 1990. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala: comparison of diagnostic methods. Am J Trop Med Hyg 42 :36–42.
-
31
Barrouin-Melo SM, Larangeira DF, Trigo J, Aguiar PH, dos-Santos WL, Pontes-de-Carvalho L, 2004. Comparison between splenic and lymph node aspirations as sampling methods for the parasitological detection of Leishmania chagasi infection in dogs. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99 :195–197.
-
32
Hendricks L, Wright N, 1979. Diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis by in vitro cultivation of saline aspirates in Schneider’s Drosophila Medium. Am J Trop Med Hyg 28 :962–964.
-
33
Hendricks LD, Childs GE, 1980. Present knowledge of the in vitro cultivation of Leishmania. Tropical Diseases Research Series: 3. Basel: Schwabe & Co. AG, 251–274.
-
34
Hockmeyer WT, Kager PA, Rees PH, Hendricks LD, 1982. The culture of Leishmania donovani in Schneider’s insect medium: its value in the diagnosis and management of patients with visceral leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 75 :861–863.
-
35
Dey T, Afrin F, Anam K, Ali N, 2002. Infectivity and virulence of Leishmania donovani promastigotes: a role for media, source, and strain of parasite. J Eukaryot Microbiol 49 :270–274.
-
36
Sundar S, Pai K, Kumar R, Pathak-Tripathi K, Gam AA, Ray M, Kenney RT, 2001. Resistance to treatment in Kala-azar: speciation of isolates from northeast India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :193–196.
-
37
Howard MK, Pharoah MM, Ashall F, Miles MA, 1991. Human urine stimulates growth of Leishmania in vitro. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 85 :477–479.
-
38
Allakhverdiev AM, Nushtaev DA, 1986. Methods of concentrating erythrocytes affected with the malaria parasite and free parasites (a review of the literature). Lab Delo 5 :259–261.
-
39
Allakhverdiev AM, 1988. Detection of malaria parasite’s isoenzyme by acetate-cellulose electrophoresis combined with blood concentration in capillary. Med Parazitol 6 :6–8.
-
40
Gross U, Roggenkamp A, Janitschke K, Heesemann J, 1992. Improved sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in biological and human clinical specimens. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 11 :33–39.
-
41
Costa JM, Durand R, Deniau M, Rivollet D, Izri M, Houin R, Vidaud M, Bretagne S, 1996. PCR enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay for diagnosis of leishmaniasis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Clin Microbiol 34 :1831–1833.
-
42
Reithinger R, Lambson BE, Barker DC, Davies CR, 2000. Use of PCR to detect Leishmania (Viannia) spp. in dog blood and bone marrow. J Clin Microbiol 38 :748–751.
-
43
Izri MA, Robineau M, Petithory JC, Rousset JJ, 1993. Leishmaniose viscerale, diagnostic parasitologique par leucoconcentration. Presse Medicalw 22 :1010.
-
44
Izri MA, Deniau M, Briere C, Rivollet D, Petithory JC, Houin R, Rousset JJ, 1996. Leishmaniasis in AIDS patients: results of leukocytoconcentration, a fast biological method of diagnosis. Bull World Health Organ 74 :91–93.
-
45
Lemesre JL, Santoro FRF, Loyens M, Sadigursky M, Carpon A, 1988. Autoregulation de la croissance in vitro des Trypanosomatidae. C R Acad Sci 307 :283–288.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 69 | 39 | 4 |
| Full Text Views | 344 | 2 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 52 | 2 | 0 |