SHORT REPORT: ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS CONFIRMED ON KUNASHIRI ISLAND, 15 KILOMETERS FROM THE EASTERN PART OF HOKKAIDO, JAPAN

MASAO SATOH Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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KAZUHIRO NAKAYA Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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MINORU NAKAO Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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NING XIAO Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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HIROSHI YAMASAKI Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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YASUHITO SAKO Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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YUKAKO NAITOH Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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SEIJI KONDO Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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MARI KOBAYASHI Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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NORIYUKI OHTAISHI Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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AKIRA ITO Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan; Animal Laboratory for Medical Research and Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan; Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduated School of Environmental Earth Science and Animal Production System, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Marine Wildlife Center of Japan, Sapporo, Japan

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There are two foci of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis in Japan. The first focus is on Rebun Island where AE patients were found from 1937, and the second is in eastern Hokkaido where patients have been found since the 1960s. The origin of the second focus is unknown. To further investigate AE in eastern Hokkaido, wild rodents (Muridae) were captured and examined for infection on Kunashiri Island, which is located 15 km off the northeastern coast of Hokkaido. Metacestodes of E. multilocularis were isolated from two of 31 voles, all of which were identified to be Clethrionomys rufocanus. Mitochondrial DNA sequencing data of recovered cestodes showed total identity with the cestode reported from Hokkaido. These results suggest that E. multilocularis may have been introduced to Hokkaido from Kunashiri Island during or after 1965.

Author Notes

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