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A Fitness Advantage for Aedes aegypti and the Viruses It Transmits When Females Feed Only on Human Blood
Thomas W. Scott
Thomas W. Scott
Department of Entomology, University of California, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Department of Biology, Mahidol University, Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Davis, California, Thailand
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Amara Naksathit
Amara Naksathit
Department of Entomology, University of California, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Department of Biology, Mahidol University, Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Davis, California, Thailand
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Jonathan F. Day
Jonathan F. Day
Department of Entomology, University of California, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Department of Biology, Mahidol University, Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Davis, California, Thailand
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Pattamaporn Kittayapong
Pattamaporn Kittayapong
Department of Entomology, University of California, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Department of Biology, Mahidol University, Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Davis, California, Thailand
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John D. Edman
John D. Edman
Department of Entomology, University of California, Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Department of Biology, Mahidol University, Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Davis, California, Thailand
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Literature on arthropod-borne diseases has traditionally supported the notion that mosquito vectors maintain a feeding duality that includes vertebrate blood meals for egg development and sugar meals from plants for the synthesis of flight and survival energy reserves. Aedes aegypti was found to deviate from that feeding pattern by obtaining a reproductive advantage when feeding only on human blood. Female mosquitoes fed human blood alone had a greater net replacement rate and intrinsic rate of growth during all phases of their reproductive life than conspecifics fed human blood plus sucrose. Feeding frequently on human hosts during each gonotrophic cycle is necessary to avoid death due to starvation and increases exponentially the spread of Ae. aegypti-borne disease. Our results help explain why Ae. aegypti is such an unusually efficient vector of human disease; frequent biting of humans results in a high reproductive rate for vectors as well as the viruses they transmit.
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