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1.
Woody NC, Woody HB, 1955. American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease); first indigenous case in the United States. J Am Med Assoc 159: 676–677.
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Greer DA, 1956. Found: two cases of Chagas disease. Texas Health Bull 9: 11–13.
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Navin TR, Roberto RR, Juranek DD, Limpakarnjanarat K, Mortenson EW, Clover JR, Yescott RE, Taclindo C, Steurer F, Allain D, 1985. Human and sylvatic Trypanosoma cruzi infection in California. Am J Public Health 75: 366–369.
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Schiffler RJ, Mansur GP, Navin TR, Limpakarnjanarat K, 1984. Indigenous Chagas' disease (American trypanosomiasis) in California. JAMA 251: 2983–2984.
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Herwaldt BL, Grijalva MJ, Newsome AL, McGhee CR, Powell MR, Nemec DG, Steurer FJ, Eberhard ML, 2000. Use of polymerase chain reaction to diagnose the fifth reported US case of autochthonous transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, in Tennessee, 1998. J Infect Dis 181: 395–399.
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Dorn PL, Perniciaro L, Yabsley MJ, Roellig DM, Balsamo G, Diaz J, Wesson D, 2007. Autochthonous transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, Louisiana. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 605–607.
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Acute Chagas Disease in a Returning Traveler
Yvonne L. Carter
Yvonne L. Carter
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Jonathan J. Juliano
Jonathan J. Juliano
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Susan P. Montgomery
Susan P. Montgomery
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Yvonne Qvarnstrom
Yvonne Qvarnstrom
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Acute Chagas disease is rarely recognized, and the risk for acquiring the disease is undefined in travelers to Central America. We describe a case of acute Chagas disease in a traveler to Costa Rica and highlight the need for increased awareness of this infection in travelers to Chagas-endemic areas.
Author Notes
Authors' addresses: Yvonne L. Carter, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, E-mail: cartery@ecu.edu. Jonathan J. Juliano, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, E-mail: Jonathan_juliano@med.unc.edu. Susan P. Montgomery, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: zqu6@cdc.gov. Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: yvonne.qvarnstrom@cdc.hhs.gov.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Woody NC, Woody HB, 1955. American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease); first indigenous case in the United States. J Am Med Assoc 159: 676–677.
-
2.
Greer DA, 1956. Found: two cases of Chagas disease. Texas Health Bull 9: 11–13.
-
3.
Navin TR, Roberto RR, Juranek DD, Limpakarnjanarat K, Mortenson EW, Clover JR, Yescott RE, Taclindo C, Steurer F, Allain D, 1985. Human and sylvatic Trypanosoma cruzi infection in California. Am J Public Health 75: 366–369.
-
4.
Schiffler RJ, Mansur GP, Navin TR, Limpakarnjanarat K, 1984. Indigenous Chagas' disease (American trypanosomiasis) in California. JAMA 251: 2983–2984.
-
5.
Ochs DE, Hnilica VS, Moser DR, Smith JH, Kirchhoff LV, 1996. Postmortem diagnosis of autochthonous acute chagasic myocarditis by polymerase chain reaction amplification of a species-specific DNA sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 54: 526–529.
-
6.
Herwaldt BL, Grijalva MJ, Newsome AL, McGhee CR, Powell MR, Nemec DG, Steurer FJ, Eberhard ML, 2000. Use of polymerase chain reaction to diagnose the fifth reported US case of autochthonous transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, in Tennessee, 1998. J Infect Dis 181: 395–399.
-
7.
Dorn PL, Perniciaro L, Yabsley MJ, Roellig DM, Balsamo G, Diaz J, Wesson D, 2007. Autochthonous transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, Louisiana. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 605–607.
-
8.
Kjos SA, Snowden KF, Olson JK, 2009. Biogeography and Trypanosoma cruzi infection prevalence of Chagas disease vectors in Texas, USA. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 9: 41–50.
-
9.
Bern C, Kjos S, Yabsley MJ, Montgomery SP, 2011. Trypanosoma cruzi and Chagas' disease in the United States. Clin Microbiol Rev 24: 655–681.
-
10.
Bastos C, Aras R, Mota G, Reis F, Dias J, de Jesus R, Freire M, de Araújo E, Prazeres J, Grassi M, 2010. Clinical outcomes of thirteen patients with acute chagas disease acquired through oral transmission from two urban outbreaks in northeastern Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e711.
-
11.
The Global Surveillance Network of the ISTM and CDC, 2008. The GeoSentinel Newsletter: Information for Action. Infrequent Diagnoses & Their Geographic Exposures. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
-
12.
Imagenes Tropicales Travel Agency Tourism in Costa Rica: History and Development, 2011. Available at: http://www.travelcostarica.nu/tourism-in-costa-rica. Accessed September 5, 2011.
-
13.
Wikipedia, 2012. The Free Encyclopedia, File: Costa Rica Limon.png. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Costa_Rica_Limon.png. Accessed January 31, 2012.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 512 | 461 | 26 |
| Full Text Views | 662 | 10 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 214 | 11 | 0 |