ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
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Cordeiro MT, Schatzmayr HG, Nogueira RM, Oliveira VF, Melo WT, Carvalho EF, 2007. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in the State of Pernambuco, 1995–2006. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 40: 605–611.
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The Epidemiology of Dengue in the Americas Over the Last Three Decades: A Worrisome Reality
José Luis San Martín
José Luis San Martín
Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama; Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania; General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
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Olivia Brathwaite
Olivia Brathwaite
Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama; Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania; General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
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Betzana Zambrano
Betzana Zambrano
Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama; Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania; General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
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José Orlando Solórzano
José Orlando Solórzano
Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama; Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania; General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
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Alain Bouckenooghe
Alain Bouckenooghe
Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama; Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania; General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
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Gustavo H. Dayan
Gustavo H. Dayan
Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama; Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania; General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
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María G. Guzmán
María G. Guzmán
Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama; Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, Pennsylvania; General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras; Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
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We have reported the epidemic patterns of dengue disease in the Region of the Americas from 1980 through 2007. Dengue cases reported to the Pan American Health Organization were analyzed from three periods: 1980–1989 (80s), 1990–1999 (90s), and 2000–2007 (2000–7). Age distribution data were examined from Brazil, Venezuela, Honduras, and Mexico. Cases increased over time: 1,033,417 (80s) to 2,725,405 (90s) to 4,759,007 (2000–7). The highest concentrations were reported in the Hispanic Caribbean (39.1%) in the 80s shifting to the Southern Cone in the 90s (55%) and 2000–7 (62.9%). From 1980 through 1987, 242 deaths were reported compared with 1,391 during 2000–7. The most frequently isolated serotypes were DENV-1 and DENV-2 (90s) and DENV-2 and DENV-3 (2000–7). The highest incidence was observed among adolescents and young adults; dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence was highest among infants in Venezuela. Increasing dengue morbidity/mortality was observed in the Americas in recent decades.
Author Notes
Financial support: The manuscript was a collaboration between the authors. No funding was involved in the development of the manuscript.
Disclosure: Some of the authors are employed by Sanofi Pasteur, Inc. This statement is made in the interest of full disclosure and not because the authors consider this to be a conflict of interest. Information of this manuscript was previously presented at the IDSA/ICAAC 2008.
Authors' addresses: José Luis San Martín, Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization, Panamá, Republic of Panama, E-mail: sanmarjl@pan.ops-oms.org. Olivia Brathwaite, Dengue Regional Program, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), Panama, Republic of Panama, E-mail: brathwao@pan.ops-oms.org. Betzana Zambrano, Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay, E-mail: betzana.zambrano@sanofipasteur.com. José Orlando Solórzano, General Directorate of Health Surveillance, Secretariat of Health, Tegucigalpa, Honduras, E-mail: josghn@yahoo.com. Alain Bouckenooghe, Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Singapore, E-mail: alain.bouckenooghe@sanofipasteur.com. Gustavo H. Dayan, Clinical Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Swiftwater, PA, E-mail: gustavo.dayan@sanofipasteur.com. María G. Guzmán, Virology Department, PAHO/World Health Organization Collaborating Center for the Study of Dengue and its Vector, Institute of Tropical Medicine ‘Pedro Kouri’, Havana, Cuba, E-mail: lupe@ipk.isld.cu.
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Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
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2.
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Kourí G, Guzmán MG, Bravo J, 1986. Hemorrhagic dengue in Cuba: history of an epidemic. Bull Pan Am Health Organ 20: 24–30.
-
16.
Pan American Health Organization, 1990. Dengue haemorrhagic fever in Venezuela. Epidemiol Bull 11: 7–9.
-
17.
Kourí GP, Guzmán MG, Bravo JR, Triana C, 1989. Dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome: lessons from the Cuban epidemic, 1981. Bull World Health Organ 67: 375–380.
-
18.
Pinheiro FP, Corber SJ, 1997. Global situation of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever, and its emergence in the Americas. World Health Stat Q 50: 161–169.
-
19.
Pan American Health Organization, 1993. Dengue in the Americas: an update. Epidemiol Bull 14: 1–3.
-
20.
Osanai CH, Travassos da Rosa AP, Tang AT, do Amaral AS, Passos AD, Tauil PL, 1983. Outbreak of dengue in Boa Vista, Roraima. Preliminary report. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 25: 53–54.
-
21.
Schatzmayr HG, Nogueira RM, Travassos da Rosa AP, 1986. An outbreak of dengue virus at Rio de Janeiro. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 81: 245–246.
-
22.
Nogueira RM, Miagostovich MP, Lampe E, Souza RW, Zagne SMO, Schatzmayr HG, 1993. Dengue epidemic in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1990–1: co-circulation of dengue 1 and dengue 2 serotypes. Epidemiol Infect 11: 163–170.
-
23.
da Costa Vasconcelos PF, de Menezes DB, Melo LP, Pessoa P, Rodrigues SG, Travassos da Rosa E, Timbó MJ, Coelho CB, Montenegro F, Travassos da Rosa J, Andrade F, Travassos da Rosa A, 1995. A large epidemic of dengue fever with dengue hemorrhagic cases in Ceará State, Brazil, 1994. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 37: 253–255.
-
24.
Guzmán MG, Vázquez S, Martínez E, Alvarez M, Rodriguez R, Kouri G, de los Reyes J, Acevedo F, 1997. Dengue in Nicaragua, 1994: reintroduction of serotype 3 in the Americas. Pan Am J Publ Health 1: 193–199.
-
25.
Figueroa R, Ramos C, 2000. Dengue virus serotype 3 circulation in endemic countries and its reappearance in America. Arch Med Res 31: 429>–430.
-
26.
Nogueira RM, Shcatzmayr HG, de Filippis AM, dos Santos FB, da Cunha RV, Coelho JO, de Souza LJ, Guimaraes FR, de Araújo ES, De Simone TS, Baran M, Teixeira G Jr, Miagostovich MP, 2005. Dengue type 3, Brazil, 2002. Emerg Infect Dis 11: 1376–1381.
-
27.
Melo PR, Reis EA, Ciuffo IA, Góes M, Blanton RE, Reis MG, 2007. The dynamics of dengue virus serotype 3 introduction and dispersion in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 102: 905–912.
-
28.
Cordeiro MT, Schatzmayr HG, Nogueira RM, Oliveira VF, Melo WT, Carvalho EF, 2007. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in the State of Pernambuco, 1995–2006. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 40: 605–611.
-
29.
Ministério de Saúde, Secretaría de Vigilância em Saúde. Informe Epidemiológico da Dengue. Janeiro a Dezembro 2007. Available at: http://portal.saude.gov.br/portal/arquivos/pdf/boletim_dengue_010208.pdf. Accessed April 1, 2009.
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-
31.
Thein S, Aung MM, Shwe TN, Aye M, Zaw A, Aye K, Aye KM, Aaskov J, 1997. Risk factors in dengue shock syndrome. Am J Trop Med Hyg 56: 566–572.
-
32.
Graham RR, Juffrie M, Tan R, Hayes CG, Laksono I, Ma'roef C, Sutaryo E, Porter KR, Halstead SB, 1999. A prospective seroepidemiologic study on dengue in children four to nine years of age in Yogyakarta, Indonesia I, studies in 1995–1996. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61: 412–419.
-
33.
Rico-Hesse R, Harrison LM, Salas RA, Tovar D, Nisalak A, Ramos C, Boshell J, de Mesa MT, Nogueira RM, da Rosa AT, 1997. Origins of dengue type 2 viruses associated with increased pathogenicity in the Americas. Virology 230: 244–251.
-
34.
Halstead SB, 2006. Dengue in the Americas and Southeast Asia: do they differ? Rev Panam Salud Publica 6: 407–415.
-
35.
Salda LT, Parquet MD, Matias PR, Natividad FF, Kobayashi N, Morita K, 2005. Molecular epidemiology of dengue 2 viruses in the Philippines: genotype shift and local evolution. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73: 796–802.
-
36.
Balmaseda A, Gomez T, Henn M, Lennon N, Kuan G, Rocha C, Silva S, Gordon A, Birren B, Harris E, 2008. Increased dengue disease severity in Nicaragua is associated with a clade replacement in dengue virus 2. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 15.
-
37.
Aquino JD, Tang W-F, Ishii R, Ono T, Eshita Y, Aono H, Makino Y, 2008. Molecular epidemiology of dengue virus serotypes 2 and 3 in Paraguay during 2001–2006: the association viral clade introductions with shifting serotype dominance. Virus Res 137: 266–270.
-
38.
Hammond SN, Balmaseda A, Perez L, Tellez Y, Saborio SI, Mercado JC, Videa E, Rodriguez Y, Pérez MA, Cuadra R, Solano S, Rocha J, Idiaquez W, González A, Harris E, 2005. Differences in dengue severity in infants, children and adults in a 3-year hospital-based study in Nicaragua. Am Trop Med Hyg 73: 1063–1071.
-
39.
de Rivera IL, Parham L, Murillo W, Moncada W, Vázquez S, 2008. Humoral response of dengue hemorrhagic fever cases in children from Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Am Trop Med Hyg 79: 262–266.
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