ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Buonfrate D et al., 2020. The global prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Pathogens 9: 468.
-
2.
Schär F , Trostdorf U , Giardina F , Khieu V , Muth S , Marti H , Vounatsou P , Odermatt P , 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis: global distribution and risk factors. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2288.
-
3.
Salvador F , Sulleiro E , Sánchez-Montalvá A , Saugar JM , Rodríguez E , Pahissa A , Molina I , 2014. Usefulness of Strongyloides stercoralis serology in the management of patients with eosinophilia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 90: 830–834.
-
4.
Roseman D , Kabbani D , Kwah J , Bird D , Ingalls R , Gautam A , Nuhn M , Francis JM , 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis transmission by kidney transplantation in two recipients from a common donor. Am J Transplant 13: 2483–2486.
-
5.
Byard RW , 2019. Lethal strongyloidiasis. Diagnostic and forensic issues. J Forensic Leg Med 62: 103–106.
-
6.
Arifin N , Hanafiah KM , Ahmad H , Noordin R , 2019. Serodiagnosis and early detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 52: 371–378.
-
7.
Muck AE , Pires ML , Lammie PJ , 2003. Influence of infection with non-filarial helminths on the specificity of serological assays for antifilarial immunoglobulin G4. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97: 88–90.
-
8.
Jin Y , Kim EM , Choi MH , Oh MD , Hong ST , 2017. Significance of serology by multi-antigen ELISA for tissue helminthiases in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 32: 1118–1123.
-
9.
Norsyahida A , Riazi M , Sadjjadi SM , Muhammad Hafiznur Y , Low HC , Zeehaida M , Noordin R , 2013. Laboratory detection of strongyloidiasis: IgG−, IgG4—and IgE-ELISAs and cross-reactivity with lymphatic filariasis. Parasite Immunol 35: 174–179.
-
10.
Boonroumkaew P , Sadow L , Sanpool O , Rodpai R , Thancho-nang T , Phupiewkham W , Intapan PM , Maleewong W , 2020. Effectiveness of Strongyloides recombinant IgG immunoreactive antigen in detecting IgG and IgG4 subclass antibodies for diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis using rapid immunochromatographic tests. Diagnostics (Basel) 10: 615.
-
11.
Yunus MH , Arifin N , Balachandra D , Anuar NS , Noordin R , 2019. Lateral flow dipstick test for serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 101: 432–435.
-
12.
Noordin R , Osman E , Kalantari N , Anuar NS , Gorgani-Firouzjaee T , Sithithaworn P , Juri NM , Rahumatullah A , 2022. A point-of-care cassette test for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis. Acta Trop 226: 106251.
-
13.
Noordin R , Anuar NS , Juri NM , Wongphutorn P , Ruantip S , Kopolrat KY , Worasith C , Sithithaworn J , Sithithaworn P , 2021. Evaluation of a rapid IgG4 lateral flow dipstick test to detect Strongyloides stercoralis infection in northeast Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 105: 688–691.
-
14.
Noordin R , Osman E , Anuar NS , Juri NM , Rahumatullah A , Hilmi NAA , 2021. Serum adsorption study to validate the specificity of a rapid test to detect Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 105: 1214–1217.
-
15.
Warnacke JM , 2019. Sensitive and specific ELISA for the serological diagnosis of Strongyloides infection. J Trop Dis Public Health 7: 26.
-
16.
Buonfrate D , Marrone R , Silva R , Mirisola C , Ragusa A , Mistretta M , Perandin F , Bisoffi Z , 2021. Prevalence of strongyloidiasis in a cohort of migrants in Italy and Accuracy of a novel ELISA assay for S. stercoralis infection, a cross-sectional study. Microorganisms 9: 401.
-
17.
Arifin N , Yunus MH , Nolan TJ , Lok JB , Noordin R , 2018. Identification and preliminary evaluation of a novel recombinant protein for serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 98: 1165–1170.
-
18.
Genta RM , Lillibridge JP , 1989. Prominence of IgG4 antibodies in the human responses to Strongyloides stercoralis infection. J Infect Dis 160: 692–699.
-
19.
Zueter AM , Mohamed Z , Abdullah AD , Mohamad N , Arifin N , Othman N , Noordin R , 2014. Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection among cancer patients in a major hospital in Kelantan, Malaysia. Singapore Med J 55: 367–371.
-
20.
Yasir M , Goyal A , Bansal P , Sonthalia S , 2021. Corticosteroid adverse effects. [Updated 2021 Jul 8]. In StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK531462/. Accessed December 29, 2021.
-
21.
Hassanudin NS , Wahab ZA , Ibrahim K , Nor FM , 2017. Disseminated strongyloidiasis in an immunocompromised host: a case report. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 7: 587–590.
-
22.
Requena-Méndez A , Buonfrate D , Gomez-Junyent J , Zammarchi L , Bisoffi Z , Muñoz J , 2017. Evidence-Based Guidelines for Screening and Management of Strongyloidiasis in Non-Endemic Countries. Am J Trop Med Hyg 97: 645–652.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 10513 | 1221 | 94 |
| Full Text Views | 267 | 121 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 113 | 18 | 0 |
Comparison of Two Serological Assays in Detecting Strongyloides Infection in Immunocompromised Patients
Emelia Osman
Emelia Osman
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Emelia Osman in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Emelia Osman in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nur Azma Amin
Nur Azma Amin
Universiti Kuala Lumpur Institute of Medical Science Technology Selangor, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Nur Azma Amin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nur Azma Amin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Thieeraporn Phraseart Ma Noon
Thieeraporn Phraseart Ma Noon
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Thieeraporn Phraseart Ma Noon in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Thieeraporn Phraseart Ma Noon in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Siti Nuratiqah Hanani Lahat
Siti Nuratiqah Hanani Lahat
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Siti Nuratiqah Hanani Lahat in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Siti Nuratiqah Hanani Lahat in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Mohamad Syairazi Rosli
Mohamad Syairazi Rosli
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Mohamad Syairazi Rosli in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mohamad Syairazi Rosli in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Shazia Farhana Sham
Shazia Farhana Sham
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Shazia Farhana Sham in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Shazia Farhana Sham in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Petrick Ramesh Periyasamy
Petrick Ramesh Periyasamy
Department of Medical, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Petrick Ramesh Periyasamy in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Petrick Ramesh Periyasamy in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nuraffini Ghazali
Nuraffini Ghazali
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Nuraffini Ghazali in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nuraffini Ghazali in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Siti Nor Azreen Abd Manap
Siti Nor Azreen Abd Manap
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
Search for other papers by Siti Nor Azreen Abd Manap in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Siti Nor Azreen Abd Manap in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Rahmah Noordin
Rahmah Noordin
Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia
Search for other papers by Rahmah Noordin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rahmah Noordin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
ABSTRACT.
Strongyloides infection may develop into fatal hyperinfection and dissemination syndrome in immunocompromised hosts. Despite suboptimal specificity issues, the detection of IgG antibodies by ELISA has been central in the serodiagnosis of Strongyloides infection. Recently, an IgG4-based lateral-flow test (SsRapid) using recombinant NIE (rNIE) protein with good diagnostic performance has been reported. This study assessed the result concordance between a commercial IgG-ELISA and the SsRapid. Additionally, we determined the Strongyloides seroprevalence and its association with clinical manifestations. Immunocompromised patients (N = 200) were from Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, hematological malignancy, and solid organ cancers. Their plasma samples were tested using a commercial IgG-ELISA and SsRapid. A fair concordance (κ = 0.27–0.33; P < 0.05) between the tests was demonstrated. The SsRapid exhibited a significantly higher (P < 0.05) seroprevalence (10.5% [21/200]) compared with IgG-ELISA (7.5% [15/200]). After adsorption with rNIE, all SsRapid-positive samples tested negative with the rapid test, thus showing binding specificity. There was no significant association with clinical manifestations. This study revealed that SsRapid is a useful diagnostic tool for Strongyloides infection, and there is a notable seroprevalence among the immunocompromised patients.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was funded by the fundamental grant of the Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (FF-2021-102). We would like to thank Miss Putri Sabrina Mohamed Yusoff and Mrs. Noor Wanie Hassan for their technical assistance, and MyLAB 1/2018 for financial assistance in producing the rapid tests.
Authors’ addresses: Emelia Osman, Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, E-mail: emelia.osman@ukm.edu.my. Nur Azma Amin, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Institute of Medical Science Technology Kajang, Malaysia, E-mail: nurazma@unikl.edu.my. Thieeraporn Phraseart Ma Noon, Siti Nuratiqah Hanani Lahat, Mohamad Syairazi Rosli, and Shazia Farhana Sham, Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, E-mails: a162674@siswa.ukm.edu.my, a162941@siswa.ukm.edu.my, a157803@siswa.ukm.edu.my, and a166744@siswa.ukm.edu.my. Petrick Ramesh Periyasamy, Department of Medical, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, E-mail: petrick.periyasamy@gmail.com. Nuraffini Ghazali and Siti Nor Azreen Abd Manap, Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, E-mails: nuraffini.ghazali@gmail.com and sitinorazreen@ukm.edu. Rahmah Noordin, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia, E-mail: rahmah8485@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Buonfrate D et al., 2020. The global prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Pathogens 9: 468.
-
2.
Schär F , Trostdorf U , Giardina F , Khieu V , Muth S , Marti H , Vounatsou P , Odermatt P , 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis: global distribution and risk factors. PLOS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2288.
-
3.
Salvador F , Sulleiro E , Sánchez-Montalvá A , Saugar JM , Rodríguez E , Pahissa A , Molina I , 2014. Usefulness of Strongyloides stercoralis serology in the management of patients with eosinophilia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 90: 830–834.
-
4.
Roseman D , Kabbani D , Kwah J , Bird D , Ingalls R , Gautam A , Nuhn M , Francis JM , 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis transmission by kidney transplantation in two recipients from a common donor. Am J Transplant 13: 2483–2486.
-
5.
Byard RW , 2019. Lethal strongyloidiasis. Diagnostic and forensic issues. J Forensic Leg Med 62: 103–106.
-
6.
Arifin N , Hanafiah KM , Ahmad H , Noordin R , 2019. Serodiagnosis and early detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 52: 371–378.
-
7.
Muck AE , Pires ML , Lammie PJ , 2003. Influence of infection with non-filarial helminths on the specificity of serological assays for antifilarial immunoglobulin G4. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 97: 88–90.
-
8.
Jin Y , Kim EM , Choi MH , Oh MD , Hong ST , 2017. Significance of serology by multi-antigen ELISA for tissue helminthiases in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 32: 1118–1123.
-
9.
Norsyahida A , Riazi M , Sadjjadi SM , Muhammad Hafiznur Y , Low HC , Zeehaida M , Noordin R , 2013. Laboratory detection of strongyloidiasis: IgG−, IgG4—and IgE-ELISAs and cross-reactivity with lymphatic filariasis. Parasite Immunol 35: 174–179.
-
10.
Boonroumkaew P , Sadow L , Sanpool O , Rodpai R , Thancho-nang T , Phupiewkham W , Intapan PM , Maleewong W , 2020. Effectiveness of Strongyloides recombinant IgG immunoreactive antigen in detecting IgG and IgG4 subclass antibodies for diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis using rapid immunochromatographic tests. Diagnostics (Basel) 10: 615.
-
11.
Yunus MH , Arifin N , Balachandra D , Anuar NS , Noordin R , 2019. Lateral flow dipstick test for serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 101: 432–435.
-
12.
Noordin R , Osman E , Kalantari N , Anuar NS , Gorgani-Firouzjaee T , Sithithaworn P , Juri NM , Rahumatullah A , 2022. A point-of-care cassette test for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis. Acta Trop 226: 106251.
-
13.
Noordin R , Anuar NS , Juri NM , Wongphutorn P , Ruantip S , Kopolrat KY , Worasith C , Sithithaworn J , Sithithaworn P , 2021. Evaluation of a rapid IgG4 lateral flow dipstick test to detect Strongyloides stercoralis infection in northeast Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 105: 688–691.
-
14.
Noordin R , Osman E , Anuar NS , Juri NM , Rahumatullah A , Hilmi NAA , 2021. Serum adsorption study to validate the specificity of a rapid test to detect Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 105: 1214–1217.
-
15.
Warnacke JM , 2019. Sensitive and specific ELISA for the serological diagnosis of Strongyloides infection. J Trop Dis Public Health 7: 26.
-
16.
Buonfrate D , Marrone R , Silva R , Mirisola C , Ragusa A , Mistretta M , Perandin F , Bisoffi Z , 2021. Prevalence of strongyloidiasis in a cohort of migrants in Italy and Accuracy of a novel ELISA assay for S. stercoralis infection, a cross-sectional study. Microorganisms 9: 401.
-
17.
Arifin N , Yunus MH , Nolan TJ , Lok JB , Noordin R , 2018. Identification and preliminary evaluation of a novel recombinant protein for serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 98: 1165–1170.
-
18.
Genta RM , Lillibridge JP , 1989. Prominence of IgG4 antibodies in the human responses to Strongyloides stercoralis infection. J Infect Dis 160: 692–699.
-
19.
Zueter AM , Mohamed Z , Abdullah AD , Mohamad N , Arifin N , Othman N , Noordin R , 2014. Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection among cancer patients in a major hospital in Kelantan, Malaysia. Singapore Med J 55: 367–371.
-
20.
Yasir M , Goyal A , Bansal P , Sonthalia S , 2021. Corticosteroid adverse effects. [Updated 2021 Jul 8]. In StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK531462/. Accessed December 29, 2021.
-
21.
Hassanudin NS , Wahab ZA , Ibrahim K , Nor FM , 2017. Disseminated strongyloidiasis in an immunocompromised host: a case report. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 7: 587–590.
-
22.
Requena-Méndez A , Buonfrate D , Gomez-Junyent J , Zammarchi L , Bisoffi Z , Muñoz J , 2017. Evidence-Based Guidelines for Screening and Management of Strongyloidiasis in Non-Endemic Countries. Am J Trop Med Hyg 97: 645–652.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 10513 | 1221 | 94 |
| Full Text Views | 267 | 121 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 113 | 18 | 0 |