Study of the Salivary Glands in Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): Their Color and Application to the Chagas Disease Vector Evolution

Jader de Oliveira Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCFAR/UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil;

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Amanda Ravazi Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (IBILCE/UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil;

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Eder dos Santos Souza Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCFAR/UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil;

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Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo Moreira Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (LABE/IOC/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;

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Cleber Galvão Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (LNIRTT/IOC/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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João Aristeu da Rosa Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCFAR/UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil;

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Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (IBILCE/UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil;

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0814
Volume/Issue:
Volume 97: Issue 3
Page(s):
771–773
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Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by feces of a triatomine that has the habit of defecating during blood feeding. The salivary glands of triatomines are important to hematophagy because their saliva is rich in anticoagulant and hemolytic proteins. The salivary glands of some Rhodnius species analyzed are reddish due to the presence of nitrophorins (antihemostatic activity). The present study aimed to analyze the color pattern of the salivary glands of 67 triatomine species to evaluate whether the presence of nitrophorins is a synapomorphy of Rhodnius or the tribe Rhodniini, or if it is shared with triatomines of the tribes Triatomini and Cavernicolini. Since only the species of the tribe Rhoniini present red glands, it is admitted that the presence of nitrophorin proteins is a synapomorphy of the tribe Rhodniini and that this tribe has derived more recently when compared with Triatomini and Cavernicolini.

Author Notes

Address correspondence to Jader de Oliveira, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCFAR/UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, 14801-902, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil. E-mail: jdr.oliveira@hotmail.com

Financial support: The study was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Process numbers 2013/19764-0, 2013/08826-5, and 2015/11372-1, FAPESP, Brazil) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil process: 142284/2015-7).

Authors’ addresses: Jader de Oliveira, Eder dos Santos Souza, and João Aristeu da Rosa, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCFAR/UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil, E-mails: jdr.oliveira@hotmail.com, ederss1@hotmail.com, and rosaja@fcfar.unesp.br. Amanda Ravazi and Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (IBILCE/UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil, E-mails: amandaravazi95@gmail.com and kaiochaboli@hotmail.com. Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo Moreira, Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, (LBE/IOC/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, E-mail: felipento@hotmail.com. Cleber Galvão, Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, E-mail: clebergalvao@gmail.com.

Copyright:
© The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2017
Received:
17 Oct 2016
|
Accepted:
03 Mar 2017
|
Published Online:
10 Jul 2017
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
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