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Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus and Genotype Correlation with Cervical Lesions at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali
Evode Mbabazi
Evode Mbabazi
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
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Jean Bosco Munyemana
munyebos1@gmail.com
Jean Bosco Munyemana
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Julienne Mukashema
Julienne Mukashema
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Emmanuel Bazimaziki
Emmanuel Bazimaziki
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Marie Claire Ndayisaba
Marie Claire Ndayisaba
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Taofeek Tope Adegboyega
Taofeek Tope Adegboyega
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
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Belson Rugwizangoga
Belson Rugwizangoga
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
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Cervical cancer remains a major health problem, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection serving as the primary precursor. Despite global efforts to combat cervical cancer, including vaccination, a critical knowledge gap persists regarding HPV prevalence, genotype distribution, and their correlation with cervical lesions in LMICs. This study has assessed the prevalence of HPV infection, identified the most common HPV genotypes, and evaluated their correlation with cervical lesions at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Rwanda. A total of 473 women were screened for HPV infection, with further evaluation of cervical lesions in HPV-positive women. The overall HPV prevalence was 74 of 473 (15.6%), with the highest concentration among women aged 41–45 years (29.7%). HPV genotypes 16 and 18 were most prevalent (7.6% each). Cyto-histological examination showed 23.6% cancerous lesions and 37.2% benign lesions in women with HPV-positive results. Women with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections had a 2.67-fold increased risk of developing cancerous lesions compared with those with low-risk HPV infections (95% CI: 1.08–6.58, P = 0.033). Notably, 21.6% of HPV-positive women were also HIV-positive, highlighting the coinfection of these two viruses. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a varied distribution of HPV genotypes among Rwandan women and a significant association between HR-HPV types and cervical lesions. These findings emphasize the need for tailored cervical cancer prevention strategies, including targeted surveillance, vaccination, and enhanced screening in Rwanda and similar resource-limited settings.
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Author Notes
Disclosure: Research ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board of the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali: EC/CHUK/096/2024.
Current contact information: Evode Mbabazi, Marie Claire Ndayisaba and Belson Rugwizangoga, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda, E-mails: evode08@gmail.com, niclaire2@gmail.com, and belson777@gmail.com. Jean Bosco Munyemana and Adegboyega Taofeek Tope, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda, E-mails: munyebos1@gmail.com and t.adegboyega@ur.ac.rw. Julienne Mukashema and Emmanuel Bazimaziki, Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda, E-mails: mjulienne65@gmail.com and emmyb848@gmail.com.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2341 | 2341 | 482 |
| Full Text Views | 15 | 15 | 4 |
| PDF Downloads | 12 | 12 | 7 |