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Antimicrobial Resistance in Surgical Patients at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali: A Cross-Sectional Study
Joël Bizimanasharale Bikoroti
drbikorotijoel@gmail.com
Joël Bizimanasharale Bikoroti
Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
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Belise Mukambasabire
Belise Mukambasabire
Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda;
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Gilbert Uwizeyimana
Gilbert Uwizeyimana
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
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Jean Bosco Munyemana
Jean Bosco Munyemana
Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
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Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda;
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Jolie Mariza
Jolie Mariza
Masaka Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major threat to public health worldwide. In Africa, the overall burden of AMR is not well understood or documented because of inadequate data and lack of surveillance, and empirical treatment takes a major part in the clinical management of infections. We assessed AMR in infected surgical wounds at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali from January 1st to December 31st, 2022. The study analyzed a total of 136 swab cultures from the surgery department; 89 (65.4%) were culture positive and included in the analysis. The mean age of patients with positive culture was 37 ± 17 years old, and the sex distribution consisted of 65 males (73%) and 24 females (27%). Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 21. The study identified a diverse array of different bacterial isolates. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent (19.1%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (17%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%). Other notable isolates included Citrobacter freundii (11%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (9%). Acinetobacter and Klebsiella had higher resistance rates of 80% and 76.5%, respectively. The average resistance rate across all isolates was 63%. Moreover, among the 89 patients who had positive swab culture results, 86 (96.6%) recovered completely, and 3 (3.4%) died. The study highlights a high level of antibiotic resistance, particularly among common Gram-negative pathogens, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and the development of targeted treatment strategies to address this public health challenge.
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Author Notes
Disclosure: Research ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board of the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (reference no. EC/CHUK/120/2024).
Authors’ contributions: J. B. Bikoroti (principal investigator) conceptualized the article, wrote the original draft, and provided analysis and interpretation. B. Mukambasabire collected data. G. Uwizeyimana read and validated the original paper and tables. J. B. Munyemana reviewed and edited the original paper, tables, and figure. J. Mariza read the manuscript.
Current contact information: Joël Bizimanasharale Bikoroti, Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda, E-mail: drbikorotijoel@gmail.com. Belise Mukambasabire, Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda, E-mail: mukambelise@gmail.com. Gilbert Uwizeyimana and Jean Bosco Munyemana, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda, E-mails: uwizeyimanagilbert8@gmail.com and munyebos1@gmail.com. Jolie Mariza, Masaka Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda, E-mail: joliem629@gmail.com.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 626 | 626 | 626 |
| Full Text Views | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| PDF Downloads | 10 | 10 | 10 |