Article Category:
Research Article

Omics Tools Applied to the Study of Chagas Disease Vectors: Proteomics and Metabolomics

Kelly Cristine Borsatto Centro Multiusuário de Inovação Biomolecular, Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil;

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Monika Aparecida Coronado Institute of Biologic Information Processing (IB-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany;

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Cleber Galvão Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni Centro Multiusuário de Inovação Biomolecular, Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil;

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Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.23-0395
Volume/Issue:
Ahead of Print
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Recent omics studies (cytogenomics, genomics, and transcriptomics) have provided extensive information on Chagas disease (CD) vectors. Here, we conduct a review of proteomic and metabolomic studies on these insect vectors. We address proteomic studies in triatomines, focusing on the identification and characterization of proteins in their saliva, midgut, and salivary glands, emphasizing their role in blood feeding by providing vasodilatory and anticoagulant substances, along with anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet activities. In addition, the review investigates protein diversity in different triatomine species, highlighting the importance of proteomic analysis in understanding adaptation to hematophagy, genetic evolution, and vector defense mechanisms. Metabolomic studies on CD vectors have revealed crucial information about their biology because metabolites correlate with the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), suggesting roles in the parasite–vector interaction. Additionally, some studies have predicted T. cruzi infection and observed altered metabolomes after feeding on infected blood, providing information about vector exposure to the parasite.

Author Notes

Financial support: This work was financed by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) (process number 2018/25458-3), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Brasil (CAPES; Finance Code 001), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).

Current contact information: Kelly Cristine Borsatto and Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni, Centro Multiusuário de Inovação Biomolecular, Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil. E-mails: kellyborsatto@gmail.com and raghuvir.arni@unesp.br. Monika Aparecida Coronado, Institute of Biologic Information Processing (IB-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany. E-mail: m.coronado@fz-juelich.de. Cleber Galvão and Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi, Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. E-mails: clebergalvao@gmail.com and kaiochaboli@hotmail.com.

Address correspondence to Cleber Galvão, IOC/FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, Sala 505, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. E-mail: clebergalvao@gmail.com
Copyright:
© American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2025
Received:
22 Jun 2023
|
Accepted:
19 Apr 2024
|
Published Online:
22 Apr 2025
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
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