Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Knope KE et al. National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee, 2016. Arboviral diseases and malaria in Australia, 2013–14: annual report of the National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 40: E400–E436.
-
2.
Harley D, Bossingham D, Purdie DM, Pandeya N, Sleigh AC, 2002. Ross River virus disease in tropical Queensland: evolution of rheumatic manifestations in an inception cohort followed for six months. Med J Aust 177: 352–355.
-
3.
Russell RC, 2002. Ross River virus: ecology and distribution. Annu Rev Entomol 47: 1–31.
-
4.
Claflin SB, Webb CE, 2015. Ross River virus: many vectors and unusual hosts make for an unpredictable pathogen. PLoS Pathog 11: e1005070.
-
5.
Harley D, Sleigh A, Ritchie S, 2001. Ross River virus transmission, infection, and disease: a cross-disciplinary review. Clin Microbiol Rev 14: 909–932.
-
6.
Potter A, Johansen CA, Fenwick S, Reid SA, Lindsay MD, 2014. The seroprevalence and factors associated with Ross River virus infection in western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) in Western Australia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 14: 740–745.
-
7.
Carver S, Kilpatrick AM, Kuenzi A, Douglass R, Ostfeld RS, Weinstein P, 2010. Environmental monitoring to enhance comprehension and control of infectious diseases. J Environ Monit 12: 2048–2055.
-
8.
Muhar A, Dale PE, Thalib L, Arito E, 2000. The spatial distribution of Ross River virus infections in Brisbane: significance of residential location and relationships with vegetation types. Environ Health Prev Med 4: 184–189.
-
9.
Yu W, Dale P, Turner L, Tong S, 2014. Projecting the impact of climate change on the transmission of Ross River virus: methodological challenges and research needs. Epidemiol Infect 142: 2013–2023.
-
10.
Tong S, 2004. Ross River virus disease in Australia: epidemiology, socioecology and public health response. Intern Med J 34: 58–60.
-
11.
Vally H, Peel M, Dowse GK, Cameron S, Codde JP, Hanigan I, Lindsay MD, 2012. Geographic Information Systems used to describe the link between the risk of Ross River virus infection and proximity to the Leschenault estuary, WA. Aust N Z J Public Health 36: 229–235.
-
12.
Tong S, Dale P, Nicholls N, Mackenzie JS, Wolff R, McMichael AJ, 2008. Climate variability, social and environmental factors, and Ross River virus transmission: research development and future research needs. Environ Health Perspect 116: 1591–1597.
-
13.
Smith DW, Speers DJ, Mackenzie JS, 2011. The viruses of Australia and the risk to tourists. Travel Med Infect Dis 9: 113–125.
-
14.
Webb CE, 2015. Are we doing enough to promote the effective use of mosquito repellents? Med J Aust 202: 128–129.
-
15.
Harley D, Ritchie S, Bain C, Sleigh AC, 2005. Risks for Ross River virus disease in tropical Australia. Int J Epidemiol 34: 548–555.
-
16.
Murray-Smith S, Weinstein P, Skelly C, 1996. Field epidemiology of an outbreak of dengue fever in Charters Towers, Queensland: are insect screens protective? Aust N Z J Public Health 20: 545–547.
-
17.
Johansen CA, Nicholson J, Power S, Wong S, Burley MMW, Imrie A, Smith D, Shellam G, 2015. Arbovirus Surveillance and Research Laboratory Annual Report: 2013–2014. Nedlands, Western Australia: The University of Western Australia.
-
18.
Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2014. Data by Local Government Areas. Available at: http://stat.abs.gov.au/itt/r.jsp?databyregion#/. Accessed May 27, 2018.
-
19.
Lindsay M, Oliveira N, Jasinska E, Johansen C, Harrington S, Wright AE, Smith D, 1996. An outbreak of Ross River virus disease in southwestern Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2: 117–120.
-
20.
Department of Health, 2016. Ross River Virus Infection Case Definition. Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/cda-surveil-nndss-casedefs-cd_rrv.htm. Accessed May 27, 2018.
-
21.
Lindsay M, Broom A, Oliveira N, Jasinska E, van Heuzen B, Caulfield S, McMinn P, Smith D, Shellam G, 1999. Arbovirus Surveillance and Research Laboratory Annual Report: 1997–1998. Nedlands, Western Australia: The University of Western Australia.
-
22.
Liehne P, 1991. An Atlas of the Mosquitoes of Western Australia. Perth, Western Australia: Health Department of Western Australia.
-
23.
Johansen CA et al. 2017. Characterization of Fitzroy River virus and serologic evidence of human and animal infection. Emerg Infect Dis 23: 1289–1299.
-
24.
Selvey LA, Donnelly JA, Lindsay M, Pottumarthyboddu S, D’Abrera VC, Smith DW, 2014. Ross River virus infection surveillance in the Greater Perth Metropolitan area—has there been an increase in cases in the winter months? Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 38: E114–E122.
-
25.
Ritchie SA, Kline DL, 1995. Comparison of CDC and EVS light traps baited with carbon dioxide and octenol for trapping mosquitoes in Brisbane, Queensland (Diptera: Culicidae). Aust Entomol 34: 215–218.
-
26.
Bisevac L, Franklin DC, Williamson GJ, Whelan PI, 2009. A comparison of two generic trap types for monitoring mosquitoes through an annual cycle in tropical Australia. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 25: 58–65.
-
27.
Hall-Mendelin S, Ritchie SA, Johansen CA, Zborowski P, Cortis G, Dandridge S, Hall RA, van den Hurk AF, 2010. Exploiting mosquito sugar feeding to detect mosquito-borne pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107: 11255–11259.
-
28.
Roiz D, Roussel M, Munoz J, Ruiz S, Soriguer R, Figuerola J, 2012. Efficacy of mosquito traps for collecting potential West Nile mosquito vectors in a natural Mediterranean wetland. Am J Trop Med Hyg 86: 642–648.
-
29.
L’Ambert G, Ferre JB, Schaffner F, Fontenille D, 2012. Comparison of different trapping methods for surveillance of mosquito vectors of West Nile virus in Rhône Delta, France. J Vector Ecol 37: 269–275.
-
30.
Onyango SA, Kitron U, Mungai P, Muchiri EM, Kokwaro E, King CH, Mutuku FM, 2013. Monitoring malaria vector control interventions: effectiveness of five different adult mosquito sampling methods. J Med Entomol 50: 1140–1151.
-
31.
Azil AH, Ritchie SA, Williams CR, 2015. Field worker evaluation of dengue vector surveillance methods: factors that determine perceived ease, difficulty, value, and time effectiveness in Australia and Malaysia. Asia Pac J Public Health 27: 705–714.
-
32.
Sriwichai P, Karl S, Samung Y, Sumruayphol S, Kiattibutr K, Payakkapol A, Mueller I, Yan G, Cui L, Sattabongkot J, 2015. Evaluation of CDC light traps for mosquito surveillance in a malaria endemic area on the Thai-Myanmar border. Parasit Vectors 8: 636.
-
33.
Pezzin A, Sy V, Puggioli A, Veronesi R, Carrieri M, Maccagnani B, Bellini R, 2016. Comparative study on the effectiveness of different mosquito traps in arbovirus surveillance with a focus on WNV detection. Acta Trop 153: 93–100.
-
34.
Tong S, Hu W, Nicholls N, Dale P, MacKenzie JS, Patz J, McMichael AJ, 2005. Climatic, high tide and vector variables and the transmission of Ross River virus. Intern Med J 35: 677–680.
-
35.
Woodruff RE, Guest CS, Garner MG, Becker N, Lindsay M, 2006. Early warning of Ross River virus epidemics: combining surveillance data on climate and mosquitoes. Epidemiology 17: 569–575.
-
36.
Hu W, Tong S, Mengersen K, Oldenburg B, 2006. Rainfall, mosquito density and the transmission of Ross River virus: a time-series forecasting model. Ecol Modell 196: 505–514.
-
37.
Jacups SP, Whelan PI, Markey PG, Cleland SJ, Williamson GJ, Currie BJ, 2008. Predictive indicators for Ross River virus infection in the Darwin area of tropical northern Australia, using long-term mosquito trapping data. Trop Med Int Health 13: 943–952.
-
38.
Borah J, Dutta P, Khan SA, Mahanta J, 2013. Epidemiological concordance of Japanese encephalitis virus infection among mosquito vectors, amplifying hosts and humans in India. Epidemiol Infect 141: 74–80.
-
39.
Selvey LA, Johansen CA, Broom AK, Antao C, Lindsay MD, Mackenzie JS, Smith DW, 2014. Rainfall and sentinel chicken seroconversions predict human cases of Murray Valley encephalitis in the north of Western Australia. BMC Infect Dis 14: 672.
-
40.
Mackenzie JS, Lindsay MD, Coelen RJ, Broom AK, Hall RA, Smith DW, 1994. Arboviruses causing human disease in the Australasian zoogeographic region. Arch Virol 136: 447–467.
-
41.
Guo S, Ling F, Hou J, Wang J, Fu G, Gong Z, 2014. Mosquito surveillance revealed lagged effects of mosquito abundance on mosquito-borne disease transmission: a retrospective study in Zhejiang, China. PLoS One 9: e112975.
-
42.
Tadei WP, Thatcher BD, Santos JM, Scarpassa VM, Rodrigues IB, Rafael MS, 1998. Ecologic observations on Anopheline vectors of malaria in the Brazilian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59: 325–335.
-
43.
Barrera R, Amador M, MacKay AJ, 2011. Population dynamics of Aedes aegypti and dengue as influenced by weather and human behavior in San Juan, Puerto Rico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1378.
-
44.
Goddard J, 2012. Vector-Borne Disease Surveillance. Public Health Entomology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 57–82.
-
45.
Gu W, Unnasch TR, Katholi CR, Lampman R, Novak RJ, 2008. Fundamental issues in mosquito surveillance for arboviral transmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 817–822.
-
46.
Jardine A, Neville PJ, Dent C, Webster C, Lindsay MDA, 2014. Ross River virus risk associated with dispersal of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) camptorhynchus (Thomson) from breeding habitat into surrounding residential areas: Muddy Lakes, Western Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91: 101–108.
-
47.
Jardine A, Neville PJ, Lindsay MD, 2015. Proximity to mosquito breeding habitat and Ross River virus risk in the Peel region of Western Australia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 15: 141–146.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2036 | 1916 | 86 |
| Full Text Views | 523 | 28 | 5 |
| PDF Downloads | 179 | 25 | 2 |
Mosquito and Virus Surveillance as a Predictor of Human Ross River Virus Infection in South-West Western Australia: How Useful Is It?
Liz J. Walker
Liz J. Walker
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia;
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Linda A. Selvey
Linda A. Selvey
Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia;
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Andrew Jardine
Andrew Jardine
Environmental Health Hazards Unit, Environmental Health Directorate, Public and Aboriginal Health Division, Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, Australia;
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Cheryl A. Johansen
Cheryl A. Johansen
The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia and PathWest Laboratory Medicine Western Australia, Department of Health Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
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Michael D. A. Lindsay
Michael D. A. Lindsay
Environmental Health Hazards Unit, Environmental Health Directorate, Public and Aboriginal Health Division, Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, Australia;
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Mosquito and virus surveillance systems are widely used in Western Australia (WA) to support public health efforts to reduce mosquito-borne disease. However, these programs are costly to maintain on a long-term basis. Therefore, we aimed to assess the validity of mosquito numbers and Ross River virus (RRV) isolates from surveillance trap sites as predictors of human RRV cases in south-west WA between 2003 and 2014. Using negative binomial regression modeling, mosquito surveillance was found to be a useful tool for predicting human RRV cases. In eight of the nine traps, when adjusted for season, there was an increased risk of RRV cases associated with elevated mosquito numbers detected 1 month before the onset of human cases for at least one quartile compared with the reference group. The most predictive urban trap sites were located near saltmarsh mosquito habitat, bushland that could sustain macropods and densely populated residential suburbs. This convergence of environments could allow enzootic transmission of RRV to spillover and infect the human population. Close proximity of urban trap sites to each other suggested these sites could be reduced. Ross River virus isolates were infrequent at some trap sites, so ceasing RRV isolation from mosquitoes at these sites or where isolates were not predictive of human cases could be considered. In future, trap sites could be reduced for routine surveillance, allowing other environments to be monitored to broaden the understanding of RRV ecology in the region. A more cost-effective and efficient surveillance program may result from these modifications.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Liz J. Walker, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, E-mail: liz.walker@anu.edu.au. Linda A. Selvey, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, E-mail: l.selvey@uq.edu.au. Andrew Jardine, Immunisation, Surveillance and Disease Control, Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Perth, Australia, E-mail: andrew.jardine@health.wa.gov.au. Cheryl A. Johansen, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia, E-mail: cheryl.johansen@pathwest.wa.gov.au. Michael D. A. Lindsay, Environmental Health Hazards Unit, Environmental Health Directorate, Public and Aboriginal Health Division, Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, Australia, E-mail: michael.lindsay@health.wa.gov.au.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Knope KE et al. National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee, 2016. Arboviral diseases and malaria in Australia, 2013–14: annual report of the National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 40: E400–E436.
-
2.
Harley D, Bossingham D, Purdie DM, Pandeya N, Sleigh AC, 2002. Ross River virus disease in tropical Queensland: evolution of rheumatic manifestations in an inception cohort followed for six months. Med J Aust 177: 352–355.
-
3.
Russell RC, 2002. Ross River virus: ecology and distribution. Annu Rev Entomol 47: 1–31.
-
4.
Claflin SB, Webb CE, 2015. Ross River virus: many vectors and unusual hosts make for an unpredictable pathogen. PLoS Pathog 11: e1005070.
-
5.
Harley D, Sleigh A, Ritchie S, 2001. Ross River virus transmission, infection, and disease: a cross-disciplinary review. Clin Microbiol Rev 14: 909–932.
-
6.
Potter A, Johansen CA, Fenwick S, Reid SA, Lindsay MD, 2014. The seroprevalence and factors associated with Ross River virus infection in western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) in Western Australia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 14: 740–745.
-
7.
Carver S, Kilpatrick AM, Kuenzi A, Douglass R, Ostfeld RS, Weinstein P, 2010. Environmental monitoring to enhance comprehension and control of infectious diseases. J Environ Monit 12: 2048–2055.
-
8.
Muhar A, Dale PE, Thalib L, Arito E, 2000. The spatial distribution of Ross River virus infections in Brisbane: significance of residential location and relationships with vegetation types. Environ Health Prev Med 4: 184–189.
-
9.
Yu W, Dale P, Turner L, Tong S, 2014. Projecting the impact of climate change on the transmission of Ross River virus: methodological challenges and research needs. Epidemiol Infect 142: 2013–2023.
-
10.
Tong S, 2004. Ross River virus disease in Australia: epidemiology, socioecology and public health response. Intern Med J 34: 58–60.
-
11.
Vally H, Peel M, Dowse GK, Cameron S, Codde JP, Hanigan I, Lindsay MD, 2012. Geographic Information Systems used to describe the link between the risk of Ross River virus infection and proximity to the Leschenault estuary, WA. Aust N Z J Public Health 36: 229–235.
-
12.
Tong S, Dale P, Nicholls N, Mackenzie JS, Wolff R, McMichael AJ, 2008. Climate variability, social and environmental factors, and Ross River virus transmission: research development and future research needs. Environ Health Perspect 116: 1591–1597.
-
13.
Smith DW, Speers DJ, Mackenzie JS, 2011. The viruses of Australia and the risk to tourists. Travel Med Infect Dis 9: 113–125.
-
14.
Webb CE, 2015. Are we doing enough to promote the effective use of mosquito repellents? Med J Aust 202: 128–129.
-
15.
Harley D, Ritchie S, Bain C, Sleigh AC, 2005. Risks for Ross River virus disease in tropical Australia. Int J Epidemiol 34: 548–555.
-
16.
Murray-Smith S, Weinstein P, Skelly C, 1996. Field epidemiology of an outbreak of dengue fever in Charters Towers, Queensland: are insect screens protective? Aust N Z J Public Health 20: 545–547.
-
17.
Johansen CA, Nicholson J, Power S, Wong S, Burley MMW, Imrie A, Smith D, Shellam G, 2015. Arbovirus Surveillance and Research Laboratory Annual Report: 2013–2014. Nedlands, Western Australia: The University of Western Australia.
-
18.
Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2014. Data by Local Government Areas. Available at: http://stat.abs.gov.au/itt/r.jsp?databyregion#/. Accessed May 27, 2018.
-
19.
Lindsay M, Oliveira N, Jasinska E, Johansen C, Harrington S, Wright AE, Smith D, 1996. An outbreak of Ross River virus disease in southwestern Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2: 117–120.
-
20.
Department of Health, 2016. Ross River Virus Infection Case Definition. Available at: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/cda-surveil-nndss-casedefs-cd_rrv.htm. Accessed May 27, 2018.
-
21.
Lindsay M, Broom A, Oliveira N, Jasinska E, van Heuzen B, Caulfield S, McMinn P, Smith D, Shellam G, 1999. Arbovirus Surveillance and Research Laboratory Annual Report: 1997–1998. Nedlands, Western Australia: The University of Western Australia.
-
22.
Liehne P, 1991. An Atlas of the Mosquitoes of Western Australia. Perth, Western Australia: Health Department of Western Australia.
-
23.
Johansen CA et al. 2017. Characterization of Fitzroy River virus and serologic evidence of human and animal infection. Emerg Infect Dis 23: 1289–1299.
-
24.
Selvey LA, Donnelly JA, Lindsay M, Pottumarthyboddu S, D’Abrera VC, Smith DW, 2014. Ross River virus infection surveillance in the Greater Perth Metropolitan area—has there been an increase in cases in the winter months? Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 38: E114–E122.
-
25.
Ritchie SA, Kline DL, 1995. Comparison of CDC and EVS light traps baited with carbon dioxide and octenol for trapping mosquitoes in Brisbane, Queensland (Diptera: Culicidae). Aust Entomol 34: 215–218.
-
26.
Bisevac L, Franklin DC, Williamson GJ, Whelan PI, 2009. A comparison of two generic trap types for monitoring mosquitoes through an annual cycle in tropical Australia. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 25: 58–65.
-
27.
Hall-Mendelin S, Ritchie SA, Johansen CA, Zborowski P, Cortis G, Dandridge S, Hall RA, van den Hurk AF, 2010. Exploiting mosquito sugar feeding to detect mosquito-borne pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107: 11255–11259.
-
28.
Roiz D, Roussel M, Munoz J, Ruiz S, Soriguer R, Figuerola J, 2012. Efficacy of mosquito traps for collecting potential West Nile mosquito vectors in a natural Mediterranean wetland. Am J Trop Med Hyg 86: 642–648.
-
29.
L’Ambert G, Ferre JB, Schaffner F, Fontenille D, 2012. Comparison of different trapping methods for surveillance of mosquito vectors of West Nile virus in Rhône Delta, France. J Vector Ecol 37: 269–275.
-
30.
Onyango SA, Kitron U, Mungai P, Muchiri EM, Kokwaro E, King CH, Mutuku FM, 2013. Monitoring malaria vector control interventions: effectiveness of five different adult mosquito sampling methods. J Med Entomol 50: 1140–1151.
-
31.
Azil AH, Ritchie SA, Williams CR, 2015. Field worker evaluation of dengue vector surveillance methods: factors that determine perceived ease, difficulty, value, and time effectiveness in Australia and Malaysia. Asia Pac J Public Health 27: 705–714.
-
32.
Sriwichai P, Karl S, Samung Y, Sumruayphol S, Kiattibutr K, Payakkapol A, Mueller I, Yan G, Cui L, Sattabongkot J, 2015. Evaluation of CDC light traps for mosquito surveillance in a malaria endemic area on the Thai-Myanmar border. Parasit Vectors 8: 636.
-
33.
Pezzin A, Sy V, Puggioli A, Veronesi R, Carrieri M, Maccagnani B, Bellini R, 2016. Comparative study on the effectiveness of different mosquito traps in arbovirus surveillance with a focus on WNV detection. Acta Trop 153: 93–100.
-
34.
Tong S, Hu W, Nicholls N, Dale P, MacKenzie JS, Patz J, McMichael AJ, 2005. Climatic, high tide and vector variables and the transmission of Ross River virus. Intern Med J 35: 677–680.
-
35.
Woodruff RE, Guest CS, Garner MG, Becker N, Lindsay M, 2006. Early warning of Ross River virus epidemics: combining surveillance data on climate and mosquitoes. Epidemiology 17: 569–575.
-
36.
Hu W, Tong S, Mengersen K, Oldenburg B, 2006. Rainfall, mosquito density and the transmission of Ross River virus: a time-series forecasting model. Ecol Modell 196: 505–514.
-
37.
Jacups SP, Whelan PI, Markey PG, Cleland SJ, Williamson GJ, Currie BJ, 2008. Predictive indicators for Ross River virus infection in the Darwin area of tropical northern Australia, using long-term mosquito trapping data. Trop Med Int Health 13: 943–952.
-
38.
Borah J, Dutta P, Khan SA, Mahanta J, 2013. Epidemiological concordance of Japanese encephalitis virus infection among mosquito vectors, amplifying hosts and humans in India. Epidemiol Infect 141: 74–80.
-
39.
Selvey LA, Johansen CA, Broom AK, Antao C, Lindsay MD, Mackenzie JS, Smith DW, 2014. Rainfall and sentinel chicken seroconversions predict human cases of Murray Valley encephalitis in the north of Western Australia. BMC Infect Dis 14: 672.
-
40.
Mackenzie JS, Lindsay MD, Coelen RJ, Broom AK, Hall RA, Smith DW, 1994. Arboviruses causing human disease in the Australasian zoogeographic region. Arch Virol 136: 447–467.
-
41.
Guo S, Ling F, Hou J, Wang J, Fu G, Gong Z, 2014. Mosquito surveillance revealed lagged effects of mosquito abundance on mosquito-borne disease transmission: a retrospective study in Zhejiang, China. PLoS One 9: e112975.
-
42.
Tadei WP, Thatcher BD, Santos JM, Scarpassa VM, Rodrigues IB, Rafael MS, 1998. Ecologic observations on Anopheline vectors of malaria in the Brazilian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59: 325–335.
-
43.
Barrera R, Amador M, MacKay AJ, 2011. Population dynamics of Aedes aegypti and dengue as influenced by weather and human behavior in San Juan, Puerto Rico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1378.
-
44.
Goddard J, 2012. Vector-Borne Disease Surveillance. Public Health Entomology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 57–82.
-
45.
Gu W, Unnasch TR, Katholi CR, Lampman R, Novak RJ, 2008. Fundamental issues in mosquito surveillance for arboviral transmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 817–822.
-
46.
Jardine A, Neville PJ, Dent C, Webster C, Lindsay MDA, 2014. Ross River virus risk associated with dispersal of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) camptorhynchus (Thomson) from breeding habitat into surrounding residential areas: Muddy Lakes, Western Australia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91: 101–108.
-
47.
Jardine A, Neville PJ, Lindsay MD, 2015. Proximity to mosquito breeding habitat and Ross River virus risk in the Peel region of Western Australia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 15: 141–146.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2036 | 1916 | 86 |
| Full Text Views | 523 | 28 | 5 |
| PDF Downloads | 179 | 25 | 2 |