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-
1.
Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Montresor A, Requena-Mendez A, Munoz J, Krolewiecki AJ, Gotuzzo E, Mena MA, Chiodini PL, Anselmi M, Moreira J, Albonico M, 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis: a plea for action. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2214.
-
2.
Abrescia FF, Falda A, Caramaschi G, Scalzini A, Gobbi F, Angheben A, Gobbo M, Schiavon R, Rovere P, Bisoffi Z, 2009. Reemergence of strongyloidiasis, northern Italy. Emerg Infect Dis 15: 1531–1533.
-
3.
Roman-Sanchez P, Pastor-Guzman A, Moreno-Guillen S, Igual-Adell R, Suner-Generoso S, Tornero-Estebanez C, 2003. High prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis among farm workers on the Mediterranean coast of Spain: analysis of the predictive factors of infection in developed countries. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69: 336–340.
-
4.
Buonfrate D, Baldissera M, Abrescia FF, Bassetti M, Caramaschi G, Giobbia M, Mascarello M, Rodari P, Scattolo N, Napoletano G, Bisoffi Z; CCM Strongyloides Study Group, 2016. Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis in northern Italy: results of a multicentre case-control study, February 2013 to July 2014. Euro Surveill 2016 Aug 4; 21 (31). doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.31.30310.
-
5.
Nutman TB, 2016. Human infection with Strongyloides stercoralis and other related Strongyloides species. Parasitology 16: 1–11.
-
6.
Duvignaud A, Pistone T, Malvy D, 2016. Strongyloidiasis in a young French woman raises concern about possible ongoing autochthonous transmission in Spain. Int J Infect Dis 42: 43–44.
-
7.
Requena-Mendez A, Chiodini P, Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Gotuzzo E, Munoz J, 2013. The laboratory diagnosis and follow up of strongyloidiasis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2002.
-
8.
Bethony J, Brooker S, Albonico M, Geiger SM, Loukas A, Diemert D, Hotez PJ, 2006. Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm. Lancet 367: 1521–1532.
-
9.
Rodriguez EA, Abraham T, Williams FK, 2015. Severe strongyloidiasis with negative serology after corticosteroid treatment. Am J Case Rep 16: 95–98.
-
10.
Dogan C, Gayaf M, Ozsoz A, Sahin B, Aksel N, Karasu I, Aydogdu Z, Turgay N, 2014. Pulmonary Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Respir Med Case Rep 11: 12–15.
-
11.
Mayayo E, Gomez-Aracil V, Azua-Blanco J, Azua-Romeo J, Capilla J, Mayayo R, 2005. Strongyloides stercolaris infection mimicking a malignant tumour in a non-immunocompromised patient. Diagnosis by bronchoalveolar cytology. J Clin Pathol 58: 420–422.
-
12.
Kunst H, Mack D, Kon OM, Banerjee AK, Chiodini P, Grant A, 2011. Parasitic infections of the lung: a guide for the respiratory physician. Thorax 66: 528–536.
-
13.
Buonfrate D, Sequi M, Mejia R, Cimino RO, Krolewiecki AJ, Albonico M, Degani M, Tais S, Angheben A, Requena-Mendez A, Munoz J, Nutman TB, Bisoffi Z, 2015. Accuracy of five serologic tests for the follow up of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003491.
-
14.
Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Sequi M, Mejia R, Cimino RO, Krolewiecki AJ, Albonico M, Gobbo M, Bonafini S, Angheben A, Requena-Mendez A, Munoz J, Nutman TB, 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of five serologic tests for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2640.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 266 | 231 | 33 |
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Severe Anemia and Lung Nodule in an Immunocompetent Adopted Girl with Strongyloides stercoralis Infection
Dora Buonfrate
Dora Buonfrate
Centre for Tropical Diseases, Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
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Federico Gobbi
Federico Gobbi
Centre for Tropical Diseases, Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
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Anna Beltrame
Anna Beltrame
Centre for Tropical Diseases, Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
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Zeno Bisoffi
Zeno Bisoffi
Centre for Tropical Diseases, Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
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Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth widely diffused in tropical areas. Chronic infection is usually characterized by absent or mild symptoms, but immunocompromised subjects are at risk of developing a severe syndrome that can be fatal if not promptly treated. We report a case of S. stercoralis infection causing severe anemia (hemoglobin 4.9 g/dL) and a lung nodule in a 14-year-old girl of Ethiopian origin adopted by an Italian couple. Severe anemia due to strongyloidiasis has been rarely reported, and mostly in severely ill patients, whereas our patient was immunocompetent and in good general conditions. Also, lung nodules have been only occasionally described in absence of respiratory symptoms. We discuss the management of patients with these findings, and we suggest to update the screening of immigrants from countries endemic for strongyloidiasis, including serology.
Author Notes
Authors' addresses: Dora Buonfrate, Federico Gobbi, Anna Beltrame, and Zeno Bisoffi, Centre for Tropical Diseases, Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Negrar, Veneto, Italy, E-mails: dora.buonfrate@sacrocuore.it, federico.gobbi@sacrocuore.it, anna.beltrame@sacrocuore.it, and zeno.bisoffi@sacrocuore.it.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Montresor A, Requena-Mendez A, Munoz J, Krolewiecki AJ, Gotuzzo E, Mena MA, Chiodini PL, Anselmi M, Moreira J, Albonico M, 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis: a plea for action. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2214.
-
2.
Abrescia FF, Falda A, Caramaschi G, Scalzini A, Gobbi F, Angheben A, Gobbo M, Schiavon R, Rovere P, Bisoffi Z, 2009. Reemergence of strongyloidiasis, northern Italy. Emerg Infect Dis 15: 1531–1533.
-
3.
Roman-Sanchez P, Pastor-Guzman A, Moreno-Guillen S, Igual-Adell R, Suner-Generoso S, Tornero-Estebanez C, 2003. High prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis among farm workers on the Mediterranean coast of Spain: analysis of the predictive factors of infection in developed countries. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69: 336–340.
-
4.
Buonfrate D, Baldissera M, Abrescia FF, Bassetti M, Caramaschi G, Giobbia M, Mascarello M, Rodari P, Scattolo N, Napoletano G, Bisoffi Z; CCM Strongyloides Study Group, 2016. Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis in northern Italy: results of a multicentre case-control study, February 2013 to July 2014. Euro Surveill 2016 Aug 4; 21 (31). doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.31.30310.
-
5.
Nutman TB, 2016. Human infection with Strongyloides stercoralis and other related Strongyloides species. Parasitology 16: 1–11.
-
6.
Duvignaud A, Pistone T, Malvy D, 2016. Strongyloidiasis in a young French woman raises concern about possible ongoing autochthonous transmission in Spain. Int J Infect Dis 42: 43–44.
-
7.
Requena-Mendez A, Chiodini P, Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Gotuzzo E, Munoz J, 2013. The laboratory diagnosis and follow up of strongyloidiasis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2002.
-
8.
Bethony J, Brooker S, Albonico M, Geiger SM, Loukas A, Diemert D, Hotez PJ, 2006. Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm. Lancet 367: 1521–1532.
-
9.
Rodriguez EA, Abraham T, Williams FK, 2015. Severe strongyloidiasis with negative serology after corticosteroid treatment. Am J Case Rep 16: 95–98.
-
10.
Dogan C, Gayaf M, Ozsoz A, Sahin B, Aksel N, Karasu I, Aydogdu Z, Turgay N, 2014. Pulmonary Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Respir Med Case Rep 11: 12–15.
-
11.
Mayayo E, Gomez-Aracil V, Azua-Blanco J, Azua-Romeo J, Capilla J, Mayayo R, 2005. Strongyloides stercolaris infection mimicking a malignant tumour in a non-immunocompromised patient. Diagnosis by bronchoalveolar cytology. J Clin Pathol 58: 420–422.
-
12.
Kunst H, Mack D, Kon OM, Banerjee AK, Chiodini P, Grant A, 2011. Parasitic infections of the lung: a guide for the respiratory physician. Thorax 66: 528–536.
-
13.
Buonfrate D, Sequi M, Mejia R, Cimino RO, Krolewiecki AJ, Albonico M, Degani M, Tais S, Angheben A, Requena-Mendez A, Munoz J, Nutman TB, Bisoffi Z, 2015. Accuracy of five serologic tests for the follow up of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003491.
-
14.
Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Sequi M, Mejia R, Cimino RO, Krolewiecki AJ, Albonico M, Gobbo M, Bonafini S, Angheben A, Requena-Mendez A, Munoz J, Nutman TB, 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of five serologic tests for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2640.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 266 | 231 | 33 |
| Full Text Views | 330 | 13 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 113 | 5 | 1 |