ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Hotez PJ, Molyneux DH, Fenwick A, Kumaresan J, Sachs SE, Sachs JD, Savioli L, 2007. Control of neglected tropical diseases. N Engl J Med 357: 1018–1027.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2002. Control of Chagas Disease: Second Report of the WHO Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report Series. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
3.
Tarleton RL, Reithinger R, Urbina JA, Kitron U, Gurtler RE, 2007. The challenges of Chagas disease—grim outlook or glimmer of hope. PLoS Med 4: e332.
-
4.
Bern C, 2011. Antitrypanosomal therapy for chronic Chagas' disease. N Engl J Med 364: 2527–2534.
-
5.
Dias JC, 2007. Southern Cone Initiative for the elimination of domestic populations of Triatoma infestans and the interruption of transfusional Chagas disease. Historical aspects, present situation, and perspectives. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 102 (Suppl 1): 11–18.
-
6.
Schofield CJ, 2005. 21 years of parasitology. Trends Parasitol 21: 483–485.
-
7.
Gurtler RE, Kitron U, Cecere MC, Segura EL, Cohen JE, 2007. Sustainable vector control and management of Chagas disease in the Gran Chaco, Argentina. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 16194–16199.
-
8.
Yamagata Y, Nakagawa J, 2006. Control of Chagas disease. Adv Parasitol 61: 129–165.
-
9.
Rizzo NR, Arana BA, Diaz A, Cordon-Rosales C, Klein RE, Powell MR, 2003. Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection among school-age children in the endemic area of Guatemala. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 678–682.
-
10.
Paz-Bailey G, Monroy C, Rodas A, Rosales R, Tabaru R, Davies C, Lines J, 2002. Incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in two Guatemalan communities. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96: 48–52.
-
11.
King RJ, Cordon-Rosales C, Cox J, Davies CR, Kitron UD, 2011. Triatoma dimidiata infestation in Chagas disease endemic regions of Guatemala: comparison of random and targeted cross-sectional surveys. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1035.
-
12.
Pan American Health Organization, 2007. Guatemala. Health in the Americas. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization, 374–393.
-
13.
Monroy C, Rodas A, Mejia M, Rosales R, Tabaru Y, 2003. Epidemiology of Chagas disease in Guatemala: infection rate of Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma nitida and Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) with Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98: 305–310.
-
14.
Yamagata Y, Nakagawa J, Shimoda M, Tabaru Y, 2003. Management of infectious disease control in a decentralized organization: the case of the Japan-Guatemala Project for Chagas' Disease Control in Guatemala. Technol Develop 16: 47–54.
-
15.
Hashimoto K, Cordon-Rosales C, Trampe R, Kawabata M, 2006. Impact of single and multiple residual sprayings of pyrethroid insecticides against Triatoma dimidiata (Reduviiade; Triatominae), the principal vector of Chagas disease in Jutiapa, Guatemala. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 226–230.
-
16.
Hashimoto K, Kojima M, Nakagawa J, Yamagata Y, 2005. Effectiveness of health education through primary school teachers: activities of Japan overseas cooperation volunteers in the control of Chagas' disease vectors in Guatemala. Technol Develop 18: 71–76.
-
17.
Nakagawa J, Cordon-Rosales C, Juarez J, Itzep C, Nonami T, 2003. Impact of residual spraying on Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata in the department of Zacapa in Guatemala. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98: 277–281.
-
18.
Nakagawa J, Hashimoto K, Cordon-Rosales C, Abraham Juarez J, Trampe R, Marroquin Marroquin L, 2003. The impact of vector control on Triatoma dimidiata in the Guatemalan department of Jutiapa. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97: 288–297.
-
19.
Nakagawa J, Juarez J, Nakatsuji K, Akiyama T, Hernandez G, Macal R, Flores C, Ortiz M, Marroquin L, Bamba T, Wakai S, 2005. Geographical characterization of the triatomine infestations in north-central Guatemala. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99: 307–315.
-
20.
Schofield CJ, 2001. Global Collaboration for the Development of Pesticides for Public Health (GCDPP): Field Testing and Evaluation of Insecticides for Indoor Residual Spraying Against Vectors of Chagas Disease. WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme: World Health Organization Communicable Disease Control, Prevention and Eradication. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
21.
Rojas de Arias A, Lehane MJ, Schofield CJ, Fournet A, 2003. Comparative evaluation of pyrethroid insecticide formulations against Triatoma infestans (Klug): residual efficacy on four substrates. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98: 975–980.
-
22.
Gurtler RE, Canale DM, Spillmann C, Stariolo R, Salomon OD, Blanco S, Segura EL, 2004. Effectiveness of residual spraying of peridomestic ecotopes with deltamethrin and permethrin on Triatoma infestans in rural western Argentina: a district-wide randomized trial. Bull World Health Organ 82: 196–205.
-
23.
Getis A, Ord JK, 1996. Local spatial statistics: an overview. Batty PLaM, ed. Spatial Analysis: Modelling in a GIS Environment. New York: Wiley.
-
24.
Gurevitz JM, Ceballos LA, Kitron U, Gurtler RE, 2006. Flight initiation of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) under natural climatic conditions. J Med Entomol 43: 143–150.
-
25.
Castro MC, Singer BH, 2006. Controlling the false discovery rate: a new application to account for multiple and dependent tests in local statistics of spatial association. Geogr Anal 38: 180.
-
26.
Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y, 1995. Controlling the false discovery rate—a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc B Stat Methodol 57: 289–300.
-
27.
Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social Republica de El Salvador, 2007. Norma Tecnica de Prevencion y Control de la Enfermedad de Chagas. El Salvador: Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social Republica de El Salvador.
-
28.
Dumonteil E, Ruiz-Pina H, Rodriguez-Felix E, Barrera-Perez M, Ramirez-Sierra MJ, Rabinovich JE, Menu F, 2004. Re-infestation of houses by Triatoma dimidiata after intra-domicile insecticide application in the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99: 253–256.
-
29.
Schofield CJ, 2000. Global Collaboration for Development of Pesticides for Public Health (GCDPP): Challenges of Chagas Disease Vector Control in Central America. WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme: World Health Organization Communicable Disease Control, Prevention and Eradication. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
30.
Barbu C, Dumonteil E, Gourbiere S, 2009. Optimization of control strategies for non-domiciliated Triatoma dimidiata, Chagas disease vector in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e416.
-
31.
Ferral J, Chavez-Nunez L, Euan-Garcia M, Ramirez-Sierra MJ, Najera-Vazquez MR, Dumonteil E, 2010. Comparative field trial of alternative vector control strategies for non-domiciliated Triatoma dimidiata. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 60–66.
-
32.
Levy MZ, Malaga Chavez FS, Cornejo Del Carpio JG, Vilhena DA, McKenzie FE, Plotkin JB, 2010. Rational spatio-temporal strategies for controlling a Chagas disease vector in urban environments. J R Soc Interface 7: 1061–1070.
-
33.
Barbu C, Dumonteil E, Gourbiere S, 2011. Evaluation of spatially targeted strategies to control non-domiciliated Triatoma dimidiata vector of Chagas disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1045.
-
34.
Vazquez-Prokopec GM, Cecere MC, Canale DM, Gurtler RE, Kitron U, 2005. Spatiotemporal patterns of reinfestation by Triatoma guasayana (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in a rural community of northwestern Argentina. J Med Entomol 42: 571–581.
-
35.
Levy MZ, Kawai V, Bowman NM, Waller LA, Cabrera L, Pinedo-Cancino VV, Seitz AE, Steurer FJ, Cornejo Del Carpio JG, Cordova-Benzaquen E, Maguire JH, Gilman RH, Bern C, 2007. Targeted screening strategies to detect Trypanosoma cruzi infection in children. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 1: e103.
-
36.
Levy MZ, Bowman NM, Kawai V, Plotkin JB, Waller LA, Cabrera L, Steurer F, Seitz AE, Pinedo-Cancino VV, Cornejo del Carpio JG, Cordova Benzaquen E, McKenzie FE, Maguire JH, Gilman RH, Bern C, 2009. Spatial patterns in discordant diagnostic test results for Chagas disease: links to transmission hotspots. Clin Infect Dis 48: 1104–1106.
-
37.
Piesman J, Sherlock IA, Mota E, Todd CW, Hoff R, Weller TH, 1985. Association between household triatomine density and incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection during a nine-year study in Castro Alves, Bahia, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34: 866–869.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 221 | 181 | 13 |
| Full Text Views | 366 | 6 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 41 | 3 | 0 |
Triatomine Infestation in Guatemala: Spatial Assessment after Two Rounds of Vector Control
Jennifer Manne
Jennifer Manne
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for International Cooperation, Japanese International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Computational Epidemiology Group, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
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Jun Nakagawa
Jun Nakagawa
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for International Cooperation, Japanese International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Computational Epidemiology Group, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
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Yoichi Yamagata
Yoichi Yamagata
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for International Cooperation, Japanese International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Computational Epidemiology Group, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
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Alexander Goehler
Alexander Goehler
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for International Cooperation, Japanese International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Computational Epidemiology Group, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
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John S. Brownstein
John S. Brownstein
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for International Cooperation, Japanese International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Computational Epidemiology Group, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
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Marcia C. Castro
Marcia C. Castro
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for International Cooperation, Japanese International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Computational Epidemiology Group, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
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In 2000, the Guatemalan Ministry of Health initiated a Chagas disease program to control Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata by periodic house spraying with pyrethroid insecticides to characterize infestation patterns and analyze the contribution of programmatic practices to these patterns. Spatial infestation patterns at three time points were identified using the Getis-Ord Gi*(d) test. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of reinfestation after pyrethroid insecticide administration. Spatial analysis showed high and low clusters of infestation at three time points. After two rounds of spray, 178 communities persistently fell in high infestation clusters. A time lapse between rounds of vector control greater than 6 months was associated with 1.54 (95% confidence interval = 1.07–2.23) times increased odds of reinfestation after first spray, whereas a time lapse of greater than 1 year was associated with 2.66 (95% confidence interval = 1.85–3.83) times increased odds of reinfestation after first spray compared with localities where the time lapse was less than 180 days. The time lapse between rounds of vector control should remain under 1 year. Spatial analysis can guide targeted vector control efforts by enabling tracking of reinfestation hotspots and improved targeting of resources.
Author Notes
Financial support: This research was supported by the David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies at Harvard University as well as the Michael Von Clemm Family Fellowship and the Andrew Spielman Memorial Travel Fellowship of the Harvard School of Public Health.
Authors' addresses: Jennifer Manne and Marcia Castro, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, E-mails: jmanne@post.harvard.edu and mcastro@hsph.harvard.edu. Jun Nakagawa, Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, E-mail: junnakagawa@hotmail.com. Yoichi Yamagata, Institute for International Cooperation, Japan International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan, E-mail: yamagata_yoichi@hotmail.com. Alexander Goehler, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, E-mail: agoehler@partners.org. John S. Brownstein, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, E-mail: John.Brownstein@childrens.harvard.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Hotez PJ, Molyneux DH, Fenwick A, Kumaresan J, Sachs SE, Sachs JD, Savioli L, 2007. Control of neglected tropical diseases. N Engl J Med 357: 1018–1027.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2002. Control of Chagas Disease: Second Report of the WHO Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report Series. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
3.
Tarleton RL, Reithinger R, Urbina JA, Kitron U, Gurtler RE, 2007. The challenges of Chagas disease—grim outlook or glimmer of hope. PLoS Med 4: e332.
-
4.
Bern C, 2011. Antitrypanosomal therapy for chronic Chagas' disease. N Engl J Med 364: 2527–2534.
-
5.
Dias JC, 2007. Southern Cone Initiative for the elimination of domestic populations of Triatoma infestans and the interruption of transfusional Chagas disease. Historical aspects, present situation, and perspectives. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 102 (Suppl 1): 11–18.
-
6.
Schofield CJ, 2005. 21 years of parasitology. Trends Parasitol 21: 483–485.
-
7.
Gurtler RE, Kitron U, Cecere MC, Segura EL, Cohen JE, 2007. Sustainable vector control and management of Chagas disease in the Gran Chaco, Argentina. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 16194–16199.
-
8.
Yamagata Y, Nakagawa J, 2006. Control of Chagas disease. Adv Parasitol 61: 129–165.
-
9.
Rizzo NR, Arana BA, Diaz A, Cordon-Rosales C, Klein RE, Powell MR, 2003. Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection among school-age children in the endemic area of Guatemala. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 678–682.
-
10.
Paz-Bailey G, Monroy C, Rodas A, Rosales R, Tabaru R, Davies C, Lines J, 2002. Incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in two Guatemalan communities. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 96: 48–52.
-
11.
King RJ, Cordon-Rosales C, Cox J, Davies CR, Kitron UD, 2011. Triatoma dimidiata infestation in Chagas disease endemic regions of Guatemala: comparison of random and targeted cross-sectional surveys. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1035.
-
12.
Pan American Health Organization, 2007. Guatemala. Health in the Americas. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization, 374–393.
-
13.
Monroy C, Rodas A, Mejia M, Rosales R, Tabaru Y, 2003. Epidemiology of Chagas disease in Guatemala: infection rate of Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma nitida and Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) with Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98: 305–310.
-
14.
Yamagata Y, Nakagawa J, Shimoda M, Tabaru Y, 2003. Management of infectious disease control in a decentralized organization: the case of the Japan-Guatemala Project for Chagas' Disease Control in Guatemala. Technol Develop 16: 47–54.
-
15.
Hashimoto K, Cordon-Rosales C, Trampe R, Kawabata M, 2006. Impact of single and multiple residual sprayings of pyrethroid insecticides against Triatoma dimidiata (Reduviiade; Triatominae), the principal vector of Chagas disease in Jutiapa, Guatemala. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 226–230.
-
16.
Hashimoto K, Kojima M, Nakagawa J, Yamagata Y, 2005. Effectiveness of health education through primary school teachers: activities of Japan overseas cooperation volunteers in the control of Chagas' disease vectors in Guatemala. Technol Develop 18: 71–76.
-
17.
Nakagawa J, Cordon-Rosales C, Juarez J, Itzep C, Nonami T, 2003. Impact of residual spraying on Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata in the department of Zacapa in Guatemala. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98: 277–281.
-
18.
Nakagawa J, Hashimoto K, Cordon-Rosales C, Abraham Juarez J, Trampe R, Marroquin Marroquin L, 2003. The impact of vector control on Triatoma dimidiata in the Guatemalan department of Jutiapa. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 97: 288–297.
-
19.
Nakagawa J, Juarez J, Nakatsuji K, Akiyama T, Hernandez G, Macal R, Flores C, Ortiz M, Marroquin L, Bamba T, Wakai S, 2005. Geographical characterization of the triatomine infestations in north-central Guatemala. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 99: 307–315.
-
20.
Schofield CJ, 2001. Global Collaboration for the Development of Pesticides for Public Health (GCDPP): Field Testing and Evaluation of Insecticides for Indoor Residual Spraying Against Vectors of Chagas Disease. WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme: World Health Organization Communicable Disease Control, Prevention and Eradication. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
21.
Rojas de Arias A, Lehane MJ, Schofield CJ, Fournet A, 2003. Comparative evaluation of pyrethroid insecticide formulations against Triatoma infestans (Klug): residual efficacy on four substrates. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 98: 975–980.
-
22.
Gurtler RE, Canale DM, Spillmann C, Stariolo R, Salomon OD, Blanco S, Segura EL, 2004. Effectiveness of residual spraying of peridomestic ecotopes with deltamethrin and permethrin on Triatoma infestans in rural western Argentina: a district-wide randomized trial. Bull World Health Organ 82: 196–205.
-
23.
Getis A, Ord JK, 1996. Local spatial statistics: an overview. Batty PLaM, ed. Spatial Analysis: Modelling in a GIS Environment. New York: Wiley.
-
24.
Gurevitz JM, Ceballos LA, Kitron U, Gurtler RE, 2006. Flight initiation of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) under natural climatic conditions. J Med Entomol 43: 143–150.
-
25.
Castro MC, Singer BH, 2006. Controlling the false discovery rate: a new application to account for multiple and dependent tests in local statistics of spatial association. Geogr Anal 38: 180.
-
26.
Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y, 1995. Controlling the false discovery rate—a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc B Stat Methodol 57: 289–300.
-
27.
Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social Republica de El Salvador, 2007. Norma Tecnica de Prevencion y Control de la Enfermedad de Chagas. El Salvador: Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Social Republica de El Salvador.
-
28.
Dumonteil E, Ruiz-Pina H, Rodriguez-Felix E, Barrera-Perez M, Ramirez-Sierra MJ, Rabinovich JE, Menu F, 2004. Re-infestation of houses by Triatoma dimidiata after intra-domicile insecticide application in the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 99: 253–256.
-
29.
Schofield CJ, 2000. Global Collaboration for Development of Pesticides for Public Health (GCDPP): Challenges of Chagas Disease Vector Control in Central America. WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme: World Health Organization Communicable Disease Control, Prevention and Eradication. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
30.
Barbu C, Dumonteil E, Gourbiere S, 2009. Optimization of control strategies for non-domiciliated Triatoma dimidiata, Chagas disease vector in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e416.
-
31.
Ferral J, Chavez-Nunez L, Euan-Garcia M, Ramirez-Sierra MJ, Najera-Vazquez MR, Dumonteil E, 2010. Comparative field trial of alternative vector control strategies for non-domiciliated Triatoma dimidiata. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 60–66.
-
32.
Levy MZ, Malaga Chavez FS, Cornejo Del Carpio JG, Vilhena DA, McKenzie FE, Plotkin JB, 2010. Rational spatio-temporal strategies for controlling a Chagas disease vector in urban environments. J R Soc Interface 7: 1061–1070.
-
33.
Barbu C, Dumonteil E, Gourbiere S, 2011. Evaluation of spatially targeted strategies to control non-domiciliated Triatoma dimidiata vector of Chagas disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1045.
-
34.
Vazquez-Prokopec GM, Cecere MC, Canale DM, Gurtler RE, Kitron U, 2005. Spatiotemporal patterns of reinfestation by Triatoma guasayana (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in a rural community of northwestern Argentina. J Med Entomol 42: 571–581.
-
35.
Levy MZ, Kawai V, Bowman NM, Waller LA, Cabrera L, Pinedo-Cancino VV, Seitz AE, Steurer FJ, Cornejo Del Carpio JG, Cordova-Benzaquen E, Maguire JH, Gilman RH, Bern C, 2007. Targeted screening strategies to detect Trypanosoma cruzi infection in children. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 1: e103.
-
36.
Levy MZ, Bowman NM, Kawai V, Plotkin JB, Waller LA, Cabrera L, Steurer F, Seitz AE, Pinedo-Cancino VV, Cornejo del Carpio JG, Cordova Benzaquen E, McKenzie FE, Maguire JH, Gilman RH, Bern C, 2009. Spatial patterns in discordant diagnostic test results for Chagas disease: links to transmission hotspots. Clin Infect Dis 48: 1104–1106.
-
37.
Piesman J, Sherlock IA, Mota E, Todd CW, Hoff R, Weller TH, 1985. Association between household triatomine density and incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection during a nine-year study in Castro Alves, Bahia, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34: 866–869.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 221 | 181 | 13 |
| Full Text Views | 366 | 6 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 41 | 3 | 0 |