ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
2.
Williams D, Gutiérrez JM, Harrison R, Warrell DA, White J, Winkel KD, 2010. The Global Snake Bite Initiative: an antidote for snake bite. Lancet 375: 89–91.
-
3.
Gold BS, Dart RC, Barish RA, 2002. Bites of venomous snakes. N Engl J Med 347: 347–356.
-
4.
World Health Organization, 2010. Guidelines for the Production, Control and Regulation of Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulins. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
5.
Sasaki K, Fox FS, Duvall D, 2008. Rapid evolution in the wild: changes in body size, life-history traits, and behavior in hunted populations of the Japanese mamushi snake. Conserv Biol 23: 93–102.
-
6.
Okamoto O, Oishi M, Hatano Y, Kai Y, Goto M, Kato A, Shimizu F, Katagiri K, Fujiwara S, 2009. Severity factors of Mamushi (Agkistrodon blomhoffii) bite. J Dermatol 36: 277–283.
-
7.
Tomari T, 1987. An epidemiological study of the occurrence of habu snake bite on the Amami islands, Japan. Int J Epidemiol 16: 451–461.
-
8.
Sawai Y, Kawamura Y, 1990. Habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis) bites on the Amami islands of Japan in 1988. Snake 22: 1–7.
-
9.
Araki Y, Tomihara Y, 1989. Habu Bites in Okinawa Prefecture in 1988. Report on Studies on Antivenom. Okinawa: Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 21–32 (in Japanese).
-
10.
Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Rodgers GC Jr, Klein-Schwartz W, Reid N, Youniss J, Flanagan A, Wruk KM, 2005. 2004 Annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 23: 589–666.
-
11.
Kuwabara K, Matsuda S, Imanaka Y, Fushimi K, Hashimoto H, Ishikawa KB, Horiguchi H, Hayashida K, Fujimori K, Ikeda S, Yasunaga H, 2010. Injury severity score, resource use, and outcome for trauma patients within a Japanese administrative database. J Trauma 68: 463–470.
-
12.
Chippaux JP, 1998. Snake-bites: appraisal of the global situation. Bull World Health Organ 76: 515–524.
-
13.
Kasturiratne A, Wickremasinghe AR, de Silva N, Gunawardena NK, Pathmeswaran A, Premaratna R, Savioli L, Lalloo DG, de Silva HJ, 2008. The global burden of snakebite: a literature analysis and modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and deaths. PLoS Med 5: e218.
-
14.
Sharma SK, Chappuis F, Jha N, Bovier PA, Loutan L, Koirala S, 2004. Impact of snake bites and determinants of fatal outcomes in southeastern Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 234–238.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 678 | 520 | 42 |
| Full Text Views | 577 | 22 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 239 | 18 | 1 |
Venomous Snake Bites in Japan
Hideo Yasunaga
Hideo Yasunaga
Department of Health Management and Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of and Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for other papers by Hideo Yasunaga in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hideo Yasunaga in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Hiromasa Horiguchi
Hiromasa Horiguchi
Department of Health Management and Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of and Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for other papers by Hiromasa Horiguchi in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hiromasa Horiguchi in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Kazuaki Kuwabara
Kazuaki Kuwabara
Department of Health Management and Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of and Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for other papers by Kazuaki Kuwabara in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kazuaki Kuwabara in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Hideki Hashimoto
Hideki Hashimoto
Department of Health Management and Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of and Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for other papers by Hideki Hashimoto in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hideki Hashimoto in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Shinya Matsuda
Shinya Matsuda
Department of Health Management and Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, and Department of and Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
Search for other papers by Shinya Matsuda in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Shinya Matsuda in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Few reliable data are available on the incidence of snake bites in developing and developed nations. Insufficient epidemiologic data have hindered the recognition of snake bite as an important public health issue. We verified statistics of snake bites (mamushi and habu bites) in Japan by using a currently available, nationally representative, hospital-based database. We identified 1,670 inpatients with snake bites from 404 hospitals during July 1–December 31 in 2007 and 2008. More than 60% were males, the average age was 60.1 years, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 0.2%. The incidence of mamushi bite, distributed between latitudes 30°N and 46°N, was estimated to be 1.67 bites/100,000/6 months. It is important to continue collecting all available data to monitor the trends of this life-threatening disease.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Research on Policy Planning and Evaluation from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan.
Authors' addresses: Hideo Yasunaga and Hiromasa Horiguchi, Department of Health Management and Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan, E-mails: yasunagah-jyo@h.u-tokyo.ac.jp and hiromasa-tky@umin.ac.jp. Kazuaki Kuwabara, Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, E-mail: kkuwabar@hcam.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp. Hideki Hashimoto, Department of and Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, E-mail: hidehashimoto-circ@umin.ac.jp. Shinya Matsuda, Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan, E-mail: smatsuda@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
2.
Williams D, Gutiérrez JM, Harrison R, Warrell DA, White J, Winkel KD, 2010. The Global Snake Bite Initiative: an antidote for snake bite. Lancet 375: 89–91.
-
3.
Gold BS, Dart RC, Barish RA, 2002. Bites of venomous snakes. N Engl J Med 347: 347–356.
-
4.
World Health Organization, 2010. Guidelines for the Production, Control and Regulation of Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulins. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
5.
Sasaki K, Fox FS, Duvall D, 2008. Rapid evolution in the wild: changes in body size, life-history traits, and behavior in hunted populations of the Japanese mamushi snake. Conserv Biol 23: 93–102.
-
6.
Okamoto O, Oishi M, Hatano Y, Kai Y, Goto M, Kato A, Shimizu F, Katagiri K, Fujiwara S, 2009. Severity factors of Mamushi (Agkistrodon blomhoffii) bite. J Dermatol 36: 277–283.
-
7.
Tomari T, 1987. An epidemiological study of the occurrence of habu snake bite on the Amami islands, Japan. Int J Epidemiol 16: 451–461.
-
8.
Sawai Y, Kawamura Y, 1990. Habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis) bites on the Amami islands of Japan in 1988. Snake 22: 1–7.
-
9.
Araki Y, Tomihara Y, 1989. Habu Bites in Okinawa Prefecture in 1988. Report on Studies on Antivenom. Okinawa: Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, 21–32 (in Japanese).
-
10.
Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Rodgers GC Jr, Klein-Schwartz W, Reid N, Youniss J, Flanagan A, Wruk KM, 2005. 2004 Annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 23: 589–666.
-
11.
Kuwabara K, Matsuda S, Imanaka Y, Fushimi K, Hashimoto H, Ishikawa KB, Horiguchi H, Hayashida K, Fujimori K, Ikeda S, Yasunaga H, 2010. Injury severity score, resource use, and outcome for trauma patients within a Japanese administrative database. J Trauma 68: 463–470.
-
12.
Chippaux JP, 1998. Snake-bites: appraisal of the global situation. Bull World Health Organ 76: 515–524.
-
13.
Kasturiratne A, Wickremasinghe AR, de Silva N, Gunawardena NK, Pathmeswaran A, Premaratna R, Savioli L, Lalloo DG, de Silva HJ, 2008. The global burden of snakebite: a literature analysis and modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and deaths. PLoS Med 5: e218.
-
14.
Sharma SK, Chappuis F, Jha N, Bovier PA, Loutan L, Koirala S, 2004. Impact of snake bites and determinants of fatal outcomes in southeastern Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 234–238.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 678 | 520 | 42 |
| Full Text Views | 577 | 22 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 239 | 18 | 1 |