Effect of Oral Treatment with Pyrazole Carbohydrazide Derivatives against Murine Infection by Leishmania amazonensis

Karen S. Charret Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Raquel F. Rodrigues Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Alice M. R. Bernardino Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Adriana O. Gomes Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Adriana V. Carvalho Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Marilene M. Canto-Cavalheiro Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Leonor Leon Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Veronica F. Amaral Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Programa de Pós-graduação em Química Orgânica, Niterói, Brazil; Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Imunobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil

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Newly synthesized pyrazole carbohydrazide derivatives with substituents X = Br/Y = NO2 and X = NO2/Y = Cl were independently investigated in the CBA mouse model of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Animals were infected with Leishmania amazonensis and treated two weeks after the parasitic infection with the pyrazole carbohydrazides for 45 days. Oral treatment with both compounds controlled evolution of footpad cutaneous lesions and dissemination of parasites to draining lymph nodes. Nitric oxide generation was observed in supernatants of lymph node cells from infected CBA mice that were treated with these compounds. The pyrazole carbohydrazide derivatives did not show any toxicity or cause alterations in body weight, plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and urinary creatinine levels, but promoted a small decrease in blood neutrophils. These results provide new perspectives on the development of drugs with activities against leishmaniasis.

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