ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
Commission on Tropical Diseases of the International League Against Epilepsy, 1994. Relationship between epilepsy and tropical diseases. Epilepsia 35 :89–93.
-
2
Garcia HH, Del Brutto OH, 2005. Neurocysticercosis: updated concepts about an old disease. Lancet Neurol 4 :653–661.
-
3
Roman G, Sotelo J, Del Brutto O, Flisser A, Dumas M, Wadia N, Botero D, Cruz M, Garcia H, de Bittencourt PR, Trelles L, Arriagada C, Lorenzana P, Nash TE, Spina-França A, 2000. A proposal to declare neurocysticercosis an international reportable disease. Bull World Health Organ 78 :399–406.
-
4
Garcia HH, Del Brutto OH, 2003. Imaging findings in neurocysticercosis. Acta Trop 87 :71–78.
-
5
Tsang VC, Brand JA, Boyer AE, 1989. An enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay and glycoprotein antigens for diagnosing human cysticercosis (Taenia solium). J Infect Dis 159 :50–59.
-
6
Garcia HH, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH, Palacios LG, Jimenez I, Rodriguez S, Verastegui M, Wilkins P, Tsang VC; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2001. Short report: transient antibody response in Taenia solium infection in field conditions-a major contributor to high seroprevalence. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :31–32.
-
7
Garcia HH, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH, Bernal T, Rodriguez S, Pretell EJ, Azcurra O, Parkhouse RM, Tsang VC, Harrison LJ; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2002. Circulating parasite antigen in patients with hydrocephalus secondary to neurocysticercosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 66 :427–430.
-
8
Garcia HH, Gilman RH, Catacora M, Verastegui M, Gonzalez AE, Tsang VC, 1997. Serologic evolution of neurocysticercosis patients after antiparasitic therapy. Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru. J Infect Dis 175 :486–489.
-
9
Dorny P, Brandt J, Geerts S, 2005. Detection and diagnosis. Murrell KD, ed. WHO/FAO/OIE Guidelines for the Surveillance, Prevention and Control of Taeniosis/Cysticercosis. Paris: World Health Organisation for Animal Health, 45–55.
-
10
Brandt JR, Geerts S, De Deken R, Kumar V, Ceulemans F, Brijs L, Falla N, 1992. A monoclonal antibody-based ELISA for the detection of circulating excretory-secretory antigens in Taenia saginata cysticercosis. Int J Parasitol 22 :471–477.
-
11
Dorny P, Brandt J, Zoli A, Geerts S, 2003. Immunodiagnostic tools for human and porcine cysticercosis. Acta Trop 87 :79–86.
-
12
Harrison LJ, Joshua GW, Wright SH, Parkhouse RM, 1989. Specific detection of circulating surface/secreted glycoproteins of viable cysticerci in Taenia saginata cysticercosis. Parasite Immunol 11 :351–370.
-
13
Zamora H, Castillo Y, Garcia HH, Pretell EJ, Rodriguez S, Dorny P, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH, Tsang VCW, Brandt J, 2005. Drop in antigen levels following successful treatment of subarachnoid neurocysticercosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73 :S41.
-
14
Bobes RJ, Hernandez M, Marquez C, Fragoso G, García E, Parkhouse RM, Harrison LJ, Sciutto E, Fleury A, 2006. Subarachnoidal and intraventricular human neurocysticercosis: application of an antigen detection assay for the diagnosis and follow-up. Trop Med Int Health 11 :943–950.
-
15
Fleury A, Hernandez M, Avila M, Cárdenas G, Bobes RJ, Huerta M, Fragoso G, Uribe-Campero L, Harrison LJ, Parkhouse RM, Sciutto E, 2007. Detection of HP10 antigen in serum for diagnosis and follow-up of subarachnoidal and intraventricular human neurocysticercosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 78 :970–974.
-
16
Garcia HH, 2007. Serological diagnosis and follow-up of severe neurocysticercosis using HP10 antigen detection. Nature Clin Pract 3 :488–489.
-
17
Koolman J, Moeller H, 1986. Diagnosis of major helminth infections by ria detection of ecdysteroids in urine and serum. Insect Biochem 16 :287–291.
-
18
Parija SC, Ravinder PT, Rao KS, 1997. Detection of hydatid antigen in urine by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 35 :1571–1574.
-
19
Kremsner PG, de Jonge N, Simarro PP, Mühlschlegel F, Mir M, Sima FO, Feldmeier H, Bienzle U, Deelder AM, 1993. Quantitative determination of circulating anodic and cathodic antigens in serum and urine of individuals infected with Schistosoma intercalatum. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :167–169.
-
20
Freilij HL, Corral RS, Katzin AM, Grinstein S, 1987. Antigenuria in infants with acute and congenital Chagas’ disease. J Clin Microbiol 25 :133–137.
-
21
Zheng HJ, Tao ZH, Reddy MV, Harinath BC, Piessens WF, 1987. Parasite antigens in sera and urine of patients with bancroftian and brugian filariasis detected by sandwich ELISA with monoclonal antibodies. Am J Trop Med Hyg 36 :554–560.
-
22
Parija M, Biswas R, Harish BN, Parija SC, 2004. Detection of specific cysticercus antigen in the urine for diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. Acta Trop 92 :253–260.
-
23
Bern C, Garcia HH, Evans C, Gonzalez AE, Verastegui M, Tsang VC, Gilman RH, 1999. Magnitude of the disease burden from neurocysticercosis in a developing country. Clin Infect Dis 29 :1203–1209.
-
24
Gamze H, Oliver K, Gerhard O, Werner M, 2007. Clinical chemistry witout reagents? An infrared spectroscopic technique for determination of clinically relevant constituents of body fluids. Anal Bioanal Chem 387 :1815–1822.
-
25
Wiederkehr F, Bueler MR, Vonderschmitt DJ, 1991. Analysis of circulating immune complexes in plasma of MS patients. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr 142 :126–129.
-
26
Bosompem KM, Arishima T, Yamashita T, Ayi I, Anyan WK, Kojima S, 1996. Extraction of Schistosoma haematobium antigens from infected human urine and generation of potential diagnostic monoclonal antibodies to urinary antigens. Acta Trop 62 :91–103.
-
27
Van Kerckhoven I, Vansteenkiste W, Claes M, Geerts S, Brandt J, 1998. Improved detection of circulating antigen in cattle infected with Taenia saginata metacestodes. Vet Parasitol 76 :269–274.
-
28
Draelants E, Brandt JR, Kumar V, Geerts S, 1995. Characterization of epitopes on excretory-secretory antigens of Taenia saginata metacestodes recognized by monoclonal antibodies with immunodiagnostic potential. Parasite Immunol 17 :119–126.
-
29
Dorny P, Vercammen F, Brandt J, Vansteenkiste W, Berkvens D, Geerts S, 2000. Sero-epidemiological study of Taenia saginata cysticercosis in Belgian cattle. Vet Parasitol 88 :43–49.
-
30
Garcia HH, Pretell EJ, Gilman RH, Martinez SM, Moulton LH, Del Brutto OH, Herrera G, Evans CA, Gonzalez AE; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2004. A trial of antiparasitic treatment to reduce the rate of seizures due to cerebral cysticercosis. N Engl J Med 350 :249–258.
-
31
Correa D, Sandoval MA, Harrison LJ, Parkhouse RM, Plancarte A, Meza-Lucas A, Flisser A, 1989. Human neurocysticercosis: comparison of enzyme immunoassay capture techniques based on monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for the detection of parasite products in cerebrospinal fluid. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 83 :814–816.
-
32
Deckers N, Kanobana K, Silva M, Gonzalez AE, Garcia HH, Gilman RH, Dorny P, 2008. Serological responses in porcine cysticercosis: a link with the parasitological outcome of infection. Int J Parasitol 38 :1191–1198.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 454 | 420 | 34 |
| Full Text Views | 347 | 7 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 172 | 15 | 1 |
Urine Antigen Detection for the Diagnosis of Human Neurocysticercosis
Yesenia Castillo
Yesenia Castillo
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Silvia Rodriguez
Silvia Rodriguez
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Hector H. García
Hector H. García
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Jef Brandt
Jef Brandt
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Anke Van Hul
Anke Van Hul
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Maria Silva
Maria Silva
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Richar Rodriguez-Hidalgo
Richar Rodriguez-Hidalgo
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Mylagritos Portocarrero
Mylagritos Portocarrero
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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D. Paolo Melendez
D. Paolo Melendez
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Armando E. Gonzalez
Armando E. Gonzalez
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Robert H. Gilman
Robert H. Gilman
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Pierre Dorny
Pierre Dorny
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú; Instituto Peruano de Parasitología Clínica y Experimental, Lima, Perú; Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Centro Internacional de Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a major cause of seizures and epilepsy. Diagnosis is based on brain imaging, supported by immunodiagnosis in serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Lumbar puncture is invasive and painful. Blood sampling is slightly painful and poorly accepted. Urine antigen detection has been used for other parasites and tried in NCC with suboptimal performance. We used a monoclonal antibody-based ELISA to detect Taenia solium antigens in urine from 87 Peruvian neurocysticercosis patients (viable cysts, N = 34; subarachnoid cysticercosis, N = 10; degenerating parasites, N = 7; calcified lesions, N = 36) and 32 volunteers from a non-endemic area of Peru. Overall sensitivity of urine antigen detection for viable parasites was 92%, which decreased to 62.5% in patients with a single cyst. Most patients (30/36, 83%) with only calcified cysticercosis were urine antigen negative. Antigen levels in paired serum/urine samples (evaluated in 19 patients) were strongly correlated. Non-invasive urine testing for T. solium antigens provides a useful alternative for NCC diagnosis.
Author Notes
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-
1
Commission on Tropical Diseases of the International League Against Epilepsy, 1994. Relationship between epilepsy and tropical diseases. Epilepsia 35 :89–93.
-
2
Garcia HH, Del Brutto OH, 2005. Neurocysticercosis: updated concepts about an old disease. Lancet Neurol 4 :653–661.
-
3
Roman G, Sotelo J, Del Brutto O, Flisser A, Dumas M, Wadia N, Botero D, Cruz M, Garcia H, de Bittencourt PR, Trelles L, Arriagada C, Lorenzana P, Nash TE, Spina-França A, 2000. A proposal to declare neurocysticercosis an international reportable disease. Bull World Health Organ 78 :399–406.
-
4
Garcia HH, Del Brutto OH, 2003. Imaging findings in neurocysticercosis. Acta Trop 87 :71–78.
-
5
Tsang VC, Brand JA, Boyer AE, 1989. An enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay and glycoprotein antigens for diagnosing human cysticercosis (Taenia solium). J Infect Dis 159 :50–59.
-
6
Garcia HH, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH, Palacios LG, Jimenez I, Rodriguez S, Verastegui M, Wilkins P, Tsang VC; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2001. Short report: transient antibody response in Taenia solium infection in field conditions-a major contributor to high seroprevalence. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :31–32.
-
7
Garcia HH, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH, Bernal T, Rodriguez S, Pretell EJ, Azcurra O, Parkhouse RM, Tsang VC, Harrison LJ; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2002. Circulating parasite antigen in patients with hydrocephalus secondary to neurocysticercosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 66 :427–430.
-
8
Garcia HH, Gilman RH, Catacora M, Verastegui M, Gonzalez AE, Tsang VC, 1997. Serologic evolution of neurocysticercosis patients after antiparasitic therapy. Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru. J Infect Dis 175 :486–489.
-
9
Dorny P, Brandt J, Geerts S, 2005. Detection and diagnosis. Murrell KD, ed. WHO/FAO/OIE Guidelines for the Surveillance, Prevention and Control of Taeniosis/Cysticercosis. Paris: World Health Organisation for Animal Health, 45–55.
-
10
Brandt JR, Geerts S, De Deken R, Kumar V, Ceulemans F, Brijs L, Falla N, 1992. A monoclonal antibody-based ELISA for the detection of circulating excretory-secretory antigens in Taenia saginata cysticercosis. Int J Parasitol 22 :471–477.
-
11
Dorny P, Brandt J, Zoli A, Geerts S, 2003. Immunodiagnostic tools for human and porcine cysticercosis. Acta Trop 87 :79–86.
-
12
Harrison LJ, Joshua GW, Wright SH, Parkhouse RM, 1989. Specific detection of circulating surface/secreted glycoproteins of viable cysticerci in Taenia saginata cysticercosis. Parasite Immunol 11 :351–370.
-
13
Zamora H, Castillo Y, Garcia HH, Pretell EJ, Rodriguez S, Dorny P, Gonzalez AE, Gilman RH, Tsang VCW, Brandt J, 2005. Drop in antigen levels following successful treatment of subarachnoid neurocysticercosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73 :S41.
-
14
Bobes RJ, Hernandez M, Marquez C, Fragoso G, García E, Parkhouse RM, Harrison LJ, Sciutto E, Fleury A, 2006. Subarachnoidal and intraventricular human neurocysticercosis: application of an antigen detection assay for the diagnosis and follow-up. Trop Med Int Health 11 :943–950.
-
15
Fleury A, Hernandez M, Avila M, Cárdenas G, Bobes RJ, Huerta M, Fragoso G, Uribe-Campero L, Harrison LJ, Parkhouse RM, Sciutto E, 2007. Detection of HP10 antigen in serum for diagnosis and follow-up of subarachnoidal and intraventricular human neurocysticercosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 78 :970–974.
-
16
Garcia HH, 2007. Serological diagnosis and follow-up of severe neurocysticercosis using HP10 antigen detection. Nature Clin Pract 3 :488–489.
-
17
Koolman J, Moeller H, 1986. Diagnosis of major helminth infections by ria detection of ecdysteroids in urine and serum. Insect Biochem 16 :287–291.
-
18
Parija SC, Ravinder PT, Rao KS, 1997. Detection of hydatid antigen in urine by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol 35 :1571–1574.
-
19
Kremsner PG, de Jonge N, Simarro PP, Mühlschlegel F, Mir M, Sima FO, Feldmeier H, Bienzle U, Deelder AM, 1993. Quantitative determination of circulating anodic and cathodic antigens in serum and urine of individuals infected with Schistosoma intercalatum. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87 :167–169.
-
20
Freilij HL, Corral RS, Katzin AM, Grinstein S, 1987. Antigenuria in infants with acute and congenital Chagas’ disease. J Clin Microbiol 25 :133–137.
-
21
Zheng HJ, Tao ZH, Reddy MV, Harinath BC, Piessens WF, 1987. Parasite antigens in sera and urine of patients with bancroftian and brugian filariasis detected by sandwich ELISA with monoclonal antibodies. Am J Trop Med Hyg 36 :554–560.
-
22
Parija M, Biswas R, Harish BN, Parija SC, 2004. Detection of specific cysticercus antigen in the urine for diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. Acta Trop 92 :253–260.
-
23
Bern C, Garcia HH, Evans C, Gonzalez AE, Verastegui M, Tsang VC, Gilman RH, 1999. Magnitude of the disease burden from neurocysticercosis in a developing country. Clin Infect Dis 29 :1203–1209.
-
24
Gamze H, Oliver K, Gerhard O, Werner M, 2007. Clinical chemistry witout reagents? An infrared spectroscopic technique for determination of clinically relevant constituents of body fluids. Anal Bioanal Chem 387 :1815–1822.
-
25
Wiederkehr F, Bueler MR, Vonderschmitt DJ, 1991. Analysis of circulating immune complexes in plasma of MS patients. Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr 142 :126–129.
-
26
Bosompem KM, Arishima T, Yamashita T, Ayi I, Anyan WK, Kojima S, 1996. Extraction of Schistosoma haematobium antigens from infected human urine and generation of potential diagnostic monoclonal antibodies to urinary antigens. Acta Trop 62 :91–103.
-
27
Van Kerckhoven I, Vansteenkiste W, Claes M, Geerts S, Brandt J, 1998. Improved detection of circulating antigen in cattle infected with Taenia saginata metacestodes. Vet Parasitol 76 :269–274.
-
28
Draelants E, Brandt JR, Kumar V, Geerts S, 1995. Characterization of epitopes on excretory-secretory antigens of Taenia saginata metacestodes recognized by monoclonal antibodies with immunodiagnostic potential. Parasite Immunol 17 :119–126.
-
29
Dorny P, Vercammen F, Brandt J, Vansteenkiste W, Berkvens D, Geerts S, 2000. Sero-epidemiological study of Taenia saginata cysticercosis in Belgian cattle. Vet Parasitol 88 :43–49.
-
30
Garcia HH, Pretell EJ, Gilman RH, Martinez SM, Moulton LH, Del Brutto OH, Herrera G, Evans CA, Gonzalez AE; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2004. A trial of antiparasitic treatment to reduce the rate of seizures due to cerebral cysticercosis. N Engl J Med 350 :249–258.
-
31
Correa D, Sandoval MA, Harrison LJ, Parkhouse RM, Plancarte A, Meza-Lucas A, Flisser A, 1989. Human neurocysticercosis: comparison of enzyme immunoassay capture techniques based on monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for the detection of parasite products in cerebrospinal fluid. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 83 :814–816.
-
32
Deckers N, Kanobana K, Silva M, Gonzalez AE, Garcia HH, Gilman RH, Dorny P, 2008. Serological responses in porcine cysticercosis: a link with the parasitological outcome of infection. Int J Parasitol 38 :1191–1198.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 454 | 420 | 34 |
| Full Text Views | 347 | 7 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 172 | 15 | 1 |