SEVEN YEARS OF REGIONAL MALARIA CONTROL COLLABORATION—MOZAMBIQUE, SOUTH AFRICA, AND SWAZILAND

BRIAN L. SHARP Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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IMMO KLEINSCHMIDT Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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ELISABETH STREAT Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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RAJENDRA MAHARAJ Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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KAREN I. BARNES Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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DAVID N. DURRHEIM Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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FRANCES C. RIDL Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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NATASHA MORRIS Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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ISHEN SEOCHARAN Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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SIMON KUNENE Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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JACOBUS J. P. LA GRANGE Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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JOTHAM D. MTHEMBU Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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FRANCOIS MAARTENS Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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CARRIN L. MARTIN Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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AVERTINO BARRETO Malaria Research Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa; Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland; Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa; Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa; National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2007.76.42
Volume/Issue:
Volume 76: Issue 1
Page(s):
42–47
Restricted access
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The Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative is a joint development program between the governments of Mozambique, Swaziland, and South Africa, which includes malaria control as a core component of the initiative. Vector control through indoor residual spraying (IRS) was incrementally introduced in southern Mozambique between November 2000 and February 2004. Surveillance to monitor its impact was conducted by annual cross-sectional surveys to assess the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection, entomologic monitoring, and malaria case notification in neighboring South Africa and Swaziland. In southern Mozambique, there was a significant reduction in P. falciparum prevalence after the implementation of IRS, with an overall relative risk of 0.74 for each intervention year (P < 0.001), ranging from 0.66 after the first year to 0.93 after the fifth intervention year. Substantial reductions in notified malaria cases were reported in South Africa and Swaziland over the same period. The success of the program in reducing malaria transmission throughout the target area provides a strong argument for investment in regional malaria control.

Author Notes

Copyright:
Copyright 2007 The American Society of Tropical Medicine 2007
Received:
27 Jul 2006
|
Accepted:
05 Sep 2006
|
Published Online:
Jan 2007
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
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