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-
1
Titus RG, Ribeiro JMC, 1990. The role of vector saliva in transmission of arthropod-borne disease. Parasitol Today 6 :157–159.
-
2
Ribeiro JMC, Rossignol PA, Spielman A, 1986. Blood-finding strategy of a capillary-feeding sand fly, Lutzomyia longipalpis. Comp Biochem Physiol 4 :683–686.
-
3
Charlab R, Valenzuela JG, Rowton ED, Ribeiro JM, 1999. Toward an understanding of the biochemical and pharmacological complexity of the saliva of a hematophagous sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 :15155–15160.
-
4
Titus RG, Ribeiro JMC, 1988. Salivary gland from the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis enhance Leishmania infectivity. Science 239 :1306–1308.
-
5
Samuelson J, Lerner E, Tesh R, Titus R, 1991. A mouse model of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis infection produced by coinjection with sand fly saliva. J Exp Med 173 :49–54.
-
6
Theodos CM, Ribeiro JM, Titus RG, 1991. Analysis of enhancing effect of sand fly saliva on Leishmania infection in mice. Infect Immun 59 :1592–1598.
-
7
Belkaid Y, Valenzuela JG, Kamhawi S, Rownton E, Sacks D, Ribeiro JMC, 2000. Delayed-type hypersensitivity to Phlebotomus papatasi sand fly bite: an adaptive response induced by the fly? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 :6704–6709.
-
8
Belkaid Y, Kamhawi S, Modi G, Valenzuela JG, Noben-Trauth N, Rownton E, Ribeiro JMC, Sacks D, 1998. Development of a natural model of cutaneous leishmaniasis: powerful effects of vector saliva and saliva preexposure on the long-term outcome of Leishmania major infection in the mouse ear dermis. J Exp Med 188 :1941–1953.
-
9
Kamhawi S, Belkaid Y, Modi G, Rowton E, Sacks D, 2000. Protection against cutaneous leishmaniasis resulting from bites of uninfected sand flies. Science 290 :1351–1354.
-
10
Valenzuela JG, Belkaid Y, Garfield MK, Mendez S, Kamhawi S, Rownton E, Sacks D, Ribeiro JMC, 2001. Toward a defined anti-Leishmania vaccine targeting vector antigens: characterization of a protective salivary protein. J Exp Med 194 :331–342.
-
11
Chen YL, Simons FER, Peng Z, 1998. A mouse model of mosquito allergy for study of antigen-specific IgE and IgG subclass response, lymphocyte proliferation, and IL-4 and IFN-3 production. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 116 :269–277.
-
12
Mellanby K, 1946. Natural history of vertebrate host response to insect bites. Nature 158 :554–558.
-
13
Gomes RB, Brodskyn C, de Oliveira CI, Costa J, Miranda JM, Caldas A, Valenzuela JG, Barral-Netto M, Barral A, 2002. Seroconversion against Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva concurrent with the development of anti-Leishmania chagasi delayed-type hypersensitivity. J Infect Dis 186 :1530–1534.
-
14
Costa DJ, Favali C, Clarêncio J, Afonso L, Conceição V, Miranda JC, Titus RG, Valenzuela J, Barral-Netto M, Barral A, Brod-skyn CI, 2004. Lutzomyia longipalpis salivary gland homogenate impairs cytokine production and costimulatory molecule expression on human monocytes and dendritic cells. Infect Immun 72 :1298–1305.
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15
Barral A, Honda E, Caldas A, Costa J, Vinhas V, Rowton ED, Valenzuela J, Charlab R, Barral-Netto M, Ribeiro JMC, 2000. Human immune response to sand fly salivary gland antigens: a useful epidemiological marker? Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :740–745.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 203 | 179 | 28 |
| Full Text Views | 342 | 2 | 0 |
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INFLAMMATORY CELL INFILTRATION AND HIGH ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN BALB/c MICE CAUSED BY NATURAL EXPOSURE TO LUTZOMYIA LONGIPALPIS BITES
FRANCINALDO SILVA
FRANCINALDO SILVA
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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REGIS GOMES
REGIS GOMES
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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DEBORACI PRATES
DEBORACI PRATES
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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JOSÉ C. MIRANDA
JOSÉ C. MIRANDA
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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BRUNO ANDRADE
BRUNO ANDRADE
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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MANOEL BARRAL-NETTO
MANOEL BARRAL-NETTO
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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ALDINA BARRAL
ALDINA BARRAL
Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Sand flies inject saliva into the mammalian host when probing for a blood meal. Understanding the initial vertebrate reactions against sand fly saliva is important for possible interventions because these insects transmit diseases to humans and other animals. Little is known of these reactions to New World sand flies. Repeated exposure of BALB/c mice to Lutzomyia longipalpis bites leads to local inflammatory cell infiltration comprised of neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils. Total IgG and IgG1 antibodies react predominantly with three major protein bands (45, 44, and 16 kD) of the insect saliva by Western blot. The injection of immune serum previously incubated with salivary gland homogenate induced an early infiltration with neutrophils and macrophages, suggesting the participation of immune complexes in triggering inflammation.
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-
1
Titus RG, Ribeiro JMC, 1990. The role of vector saliva in transmission of arthropod-borne disease. Parasitol Today 6 :157–159.
-
2
Ribeiro JMC, Rossignol PA, Spielman A, 1986. Blood-finding strategy of a capillary-feeding sand fly, Lutzomyia longipalpis. Comp Biochem Physiol 4 :683–686.
-
3
Charlab R, Valenzuela JG, Rowton ED, Ribeiro JM, 1999. Toward an understanding of the biochemical and pharmacological complexity of the saliva of a hematophagous sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 :15155–15160.
-
4
Titus RG, Ribeiro JMC, 1988. Salivary gland from the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis enhance Leishmania infectivity. Science 239 :1306–1308.
-
5
Samuelson J, Lerner E, Tesh R, Titus R, 1991. A mouse model of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis infection produced by coinjection with sand fly saliva. J Exp Med 173 :49–54.
-
6
Theodos CM, Ribeiro JM, Titus RG, 1991. Analysis of enhancing effect of sand fly saliva on Leishmania infection in mice. Infect Immun 59 :1592–1598.
-
7
Belkaid Y, Valenzuela JG, Kamhawi S, Rownton E, Sacks D, Ribeiro JMC, 2000. Delayed-type hypersensitivity to Phlebotomus papatasi sand fly bite: an adaptive response induced by the fly? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 :6704–6709.
-
8
Belkaid Y, Kamhawi S, Modi G, Valenzuela JG, Noben-Trauth N, Rownton E, Ribeiro JMC, Sacks D, 1998. Development of a natural model of cutaneous leishmaniasis: powerful effects of vector saliva and saliva preexposure on the long-term outcome of Leishmania major infection in the mouse ear dermis. J Exp Med 188 :1941–1953.
-
9
Kamhawi S, Belkaid Y, Modi G, Rowton E, Sacks D, 2000. Protection against cutaneous leishmaniasis resulting from bites of uninfected sand flies. Science 290 :1351–1354.
-
10
Valenzuela JG, Belkaid Y, Garfield MK, Mendez S, Kamhawi S, Rownton E, Sacks D, Ribeiro JMC, 2001. Toward a defined anti-Leishmania vaccine targeting vector antigens: characterization of a protective salivary protein. J Exp Med 194 :331–342.
-
11
Chen YL, Simons FER, Peng Z, 1998. A mouse model of mosquito allergy for study of antigen-specific IgE and IgG subclass response, lymphocyte proliferation, and IL-4 and IFN-3 production. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 116 :269–277.
-
12
Mellanby K, 1946. Natural history of vertebrate host response to insect bites. Nature 158 :554–558.
-
13
Gomes RB, Brodskyn C, de Oliveira CI, Costa J, Miranda JM, Caldas A, Valenzuela JG, Barral-Netto M, Barral A, 2002. Seroconversion against Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva concurrent with the development of anti-Leishmania chagasi delayed-type hypersensitivity. J Infect Dis 186 :1530–1534.
-
14
Costa DJ, Favali C, Clarêncio J, Afonso L, Conceição V, Miranda JC, Titus RG, Valenzuela J, Barral-Netto M, Barral A, Brod-skyn CI, 2004. Lutzomyia longipalpis salivary gland homogenate impairs cytokine production and costimulatory molecule expression on human monocytes and dendritic cells. Infect Immun 72 :1298–1305.
-
15
Barral A, Honda E, Caldas A, Costa J, Vinhas V, Rowton ED, Valenzuela J, Charlab R, Barral-Netto M, Ribeiro JMC, 2000. Human immune response to sand fly salivary gland antigens: a useful epidemiological marker? Am J Trop Med Hyg 62 :740–745.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 203 | 179 | 28 |
| Full Text Views | 342 | 2 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 40 | 2 | 0 |