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Predictors of chloroquine treatment failure in children and adults with falciparum malaria in Kampala, Uganda.
G Dorsey
G Dorsey
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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M R Kamya
M R Kamya
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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G Ndeezi
G Ndeezi
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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J N Babirye
J N Babirye
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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C R Phares
C R Phares
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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J E Olson
J E Olson
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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E T Katabira
E T Katabira
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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P J Rosenthal
P J Rosenthal
Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital and The University of California 94143-0811, USA.
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Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria is a serious problem in much of sub-Saharan Africa. However, it is desirable to continue to use chloroquine as first-line therapy for uncomplicated malaria where it remains clinically effective. To identify predictors of chloroquine treatment failure, a 14-day clinical study of chloroquine resistance in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria was performed in Kampala, Uganda. Among the 258 patients (88% follow-up), 47% were clinical failures (early or late treatment failure) and 70% had parasitological resistance (RI-RIII). Using multivariate analysis, an age less than five (odds ratio [OR] = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.8-6.3) and a presenting temperature over 38.0 degreesC (OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.1-3.7) were independent predictors of treatment failure. In addition, patients who last took chloroquine 3 to 14 days prior to study entry were significantly more likely to be treatment failures compared to patients with very recent (less than 3 days) or no recent chloroquine use. In areas with significant chloroquine resistance, easily identifiable predictors of chloroquine treatment failure might be used to stratify patients into those for whom chloroquine use is acceptable and those for whom alternative treatment should be used.
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 175 | 130 | 14 |
| Full Text Views | 343 | 4 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 90 | 5 | 0 |