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Effect of Mass Treatment of a Human Population with Ivermectin on Transmission of Onchocerca Volvulus by Simulium yahense in Liberia, West Africa
M. Trpis
M. Trpis
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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J. E. Childs
J. E. Childs
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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D. J. Fryauff
D. J. Fryauff
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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B. M. Greene
B. M. Greene
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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P. N. Williams
P. N. Williams
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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B. E. Munoz
B. E. Munoz
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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M. C. Pacque
M. C. Pacque
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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H. R. Taylor
H. R. Taylor
Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Medical Center of the Liberian Agricultural Company Rubber Plantation, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, Liberia
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The impact of mass treatment with ivermectin on the intensity of Onchocerca volvulus transmission by the black fly (Simulium yahense) was evaluated on the Liberian Agricultural Company rubber plantation in Liberia, West Africa. The adult pre-treatment prevalence of onchocerciasis was > 80%, and the average intensity of infection was 5.35 mf/mg of skin. The drug was administered at 2 annual intervals, reaching 58–60% of the ∼ 14,000 people living in 73 camps. Landing/biting catches of black flies made in central and peripheral plantation zones indicated similar fly activity before and after ivermectin treatment (man hr index of 2.1 and 2.4 within the plantation, and 10 and 10.9 outside the plantation, respectively). The number of infected flies with developing larvae (L1, L2, L3 stages) of O. volvulus in treated areas was reduced by 93.4–95%; the number of infective flies with L3 larvae was reduced by 81.7–89.3%. Parasite loads of infected (L1, L2) and infective flies (L3 stages only) outside the plantation also decreased by 86.8% and 80%, respectively. Monthly transmission potential (MTP) showed a similar decrease: from 22.9 to 5.8 (74.6% reduction) in the treated area, and from 210 to 158.8 (24.4% reduction) in untreated areas. Mass treatment with ivermectin efficiently controlled, and at least temporarily interrupted, transmission of Onchocerca volvulus by black fly vectors.
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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