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St. Louis Encephalitis: Lessons from the Last Decade
Thomas P. Monath
Thomas P. Monath
Division of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services, Fort Collins, Colorado 80522
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Theodore F. Tsai
Theodore F. Tsai
Division of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services, Fort Collins, Colorado 80522
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In 1980 Reeves wrote that epidemics of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) are preventable by means of surveillance and vector abatement. This view is examined in the light of epidemic activity during the last decade (1977–1986), in which 9 discrete outbreaks occurred. In addition, 5 interactive factors (virus, vector, viremic host, human immunity, environmental temperature) described by Reeves as essential to the development of an SLE epidemic are reviewed in the light of recent research. Although much progress has been achieved, many questions remain about SLE epidemiology and ecology. Among the most important are: Do Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes play a significant role in SLE virus transmission in the western United States? Is there a sylvatic cycle of SLE virus transmission in the east-central United States? What are the most sensitive and specific predictors of SLE virus activity in the east-central United States? What are the overwintering mechanisms which assure SLE virus recrudescence, and what role does transovarial transmission of virus play?
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2702 | 2083 | 126 |
| Full Text Views | 60 | 16 | 4 |
| PDF Downloads | 60 | 11 | 0 |