Analysis of the Evolutionary Relationship between Species of the New Triatoma pseudomaculata Subcomplex (Hemiptera, Triatominae) and Proposal for the Creation of the Triatoma costalimai Subcomplex

Isabella da Silva Masarin Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Brazil;

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Jader de Oliveira Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;

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Yago Visinho dos Reis Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Brazil;

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Amanda Ravazi Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Brazil;

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Fernanda Fernandez Madeira Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil;

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Samanta Cristina Antoniassi Fernandes Tadini Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Brazil;

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Cleber Galvão Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;

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Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil;

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João Aristeu da Rosa Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Brazil

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Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Brazil;
Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;

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ABSTRACT.

Triatomines are insects of great importance for public health, as they are vectors of protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. The genus Triatoma is the most representative in number of species and one of the most important from an epidemiological point of view. The Triatoma pseudomaculata subcomplex (composed of the species Triatoma arthurneivai, T. pseudomaculata, and T. wygodzinskyi [from the old subcomplex Triatoma maculata] and Triatoma baratai, Triatoma costalimai, Triatoma deaneorum, Triatoma jatai, and Triatoma williami [from the old Triatoma matogrossensis subcomplex]) was recently proposed based on chromosomal data. Thus, considering that the experimental crossings helped with systematic questions about triatomines, we performed crosses between the species of the T. pseudomaculata subcomplex. Thus, we crossed T. pseudomaculata and Triatoma costalimai to assess the possible presence of interspecific genomic and reproductive compatibility. In addition, based on the molecular data available on GenBank, we performed a phylogenetic systematics study to assess the evolutionary relationship of the species of the T. pseudomaculata subcomplex. Experimental crosses did not result in hybrids, demonstrating that there is a prezygotic barrier established between these species. Based on the above, we confirmed the specific status of T. pseudomaculata and T. costalimai based on the biological species concept. Furthermore, the reproductive incompatibility associated with the phylogenetic systematic analyses demonstrate that T. costalimai does not belong to the T. pseudomaculata subcomplex. Thus, we suggest that the sister species T. costalimai and T. jatai should be grouped into a new subcomplex called T. costalimai.

Author Notes

Financial support: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Finance Code 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) provided financial support.

Current Contact Information: Isabella da Silva Masarin, Yago Visinho dos Reis, Amanda Ravazi, and Samanta Cristina Antoniassi Fernandes Tadini, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Brazil, E-mails: isabella.masarin@unesp.br, yagoreis@outlook.com.br, amandaravazi95@gmail.com, and scf_antoni@yahoo.com.br. Jader de Oliveira, Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública, Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: jdr.oliveira@hotmail.com. Fernanda Fernandez Madeira and Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil, E-mails: fernanda.madeira@unesp.br and tercilia.vilela@unesp.br. Cleber Galvão, Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, E-mail: clebergalvao@gmail.com. João Aristeu da Rosa, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, Brazil, E-mail: joao.aristeu@unesp.br. Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, E-mail: kaiochaboli@hotmail.com.

Address correspondence to Cleber Galvão, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Av. Brazil 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, sala 505, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. E-mail: clebergalvao@gmail.com
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