Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
DeZure C, 2023. COVID-19 vaccines in children. Pediatr Ann 52: e4–e7.
-
2.
Government Ministry, 2023. Guidelines for COVID-19 Vaccination of Children Between 15–18 Years and Precaution Dose to HCWs, FLWs & 60+ Population with Comorbidities. New Delhi, India: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
-
3.
Vadrevu KM et al., 2022. Persistence of immunity and impact of third dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine against emerging variants. Sci Rep 12: 12038.
-
4.
WHO, 2019. Ten Threats to Global Health in 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019. Accessed October 7, 2024.
-
5.
Solís Arce JS et al., 2021. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries. Nat Med 27: 1385–1394.
-
6.
Joachim G, Shih S-F, Singh A, Rajamoorthy Y, Harapan H, Chang H-Y, Lu Y, Wagner AL, 2024. Parental vaccine hesitancy and acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine: An internet-based survey in the US and five Asian countries. PLOS Glob Public Health 4: e0002961.
-
7.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024. Staying up to Date with COVID-19 Vaccines. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/covid/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html. Accessed October 7, 2024.
-
8.
Valier MR, Elam-Evans LD, Mu Y, Santibanez TA, Yankey D, Zhou T, Pingali C, Singleton JA, 2023. Racial and ethnic differences in COVID-19 vaccination coverage among children and adolescents aged 5–17 years and parental intent to vaccinate their children—National Immunization Survey-Child COVID Module, United States, December 2020–September 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 72: 1–8.
-
9.
Domek GJ, O’Leary ST, Bull S, Bronsert M, Contreras-Roldan IL, Bolaños Ventura GA, Kempe A, Asturias EJ, 2018. Measuring vaccine hesitancy: Field testing the WHO SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy survey tool in Guatemala. Vaccine 36: 5273–5281.
-
10.
Clarke V, Braun V, 2017. Thematic analysis. J Posit Psychol 12: 297–298.
-
11.
Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J, 2007. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care 19: 349–357.
-
12.
Higgins DM, Moss A, Blackwell S, O’Leary ST, 2023. The COVID-19 pandemic and parental attitudes toward routine childhood vaccines. Pediatrics 152: e2023062927.
-
13.
Walker KK, Head KJ, Owens H, Zimet GD, 2021. A qualitative study exploring the relationship between mothers’ vaccine hesitancy and health beliefs with COVID-19 vaccination intention and prevention during the early pandemic months. Hum Vaccin Immunother 17: 3355–3364.
-
14.
Sarkar P, Chandrasekaran V, Gunasekaran D, Chinnakali P, 2022. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health care worker-parents (HCWP) in Puducherry, India and its implications on their children: A cross sectional descriptive study. Vaccine 40: 5821–5827.
-
15.
Temsah M-H et al., 2021. Parental attitudes and hesitancy about COVID-19 vs. routine childhood vaccinations: A national survey. Front Public Health 9: 752323.
-
16.
Yılmaz M, Sahin MK, 2021. Parents’ willingness and attitudes concerning the COVID-19 vaccine: A cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pract 75: e14364.
-
17.
Brandstetter S, Böhmer MM, Pawellek M, Seelbach-Göbel B, Melter M, Kabesch M, Apfelbacher C; KUNO-Kids study group, 2021. Parents’ intention to get vaccinated and to have their child vaccinated against COVID-19: Cross-sectional analyses using data from the KUNO-Kids health study. Eur J Pediatr 180: 3405–3410.
-
18.
Bell S, Clarke R, Mounier-Jack S, Walker JL, Paterson P, 2020. Parents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: A multi-methods study in England. Vaccine 38: 7789–7798.
-
19.
Skjefte M, Ngirbabul M, Akeju O, Escudero D, Hernandez-Diaz S, Wyszynski DF, Wu JW, 2021. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women and mothers of young children: Results of a survey in 16 countries. Eur J Epidemiol 36: 197–211.
-
20.
Sarbazi E, Masoudi N, Mehri A, Esfanjani RM, Azizi H, Soleimanpour M, Pouraghaei M, Soleimanpour H, 2024. Trust in primary health care and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Iranian pediatric: A web-based cross-sectional survey. BMC Pediatr 24: 356.
-
21.
Ng D-L-C, Gan GG, Chai CS, Anuar NAB, Sindeh W, Chua WJ, Said AB, Tan SB, 2022. The willingness of parents to vaccinate their children younger than 12 years against COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. BMC Public Health 22: 1265.
-
22.
Bagi HM, Soleimanpour M, Abdollahi F, Soleimanpour H, 2021. Evaluation of clinical outcomes of patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) discharged from the emergency department. PLoS One 16: e0258697.
-
23.
Shahsavarinia K, Ghojazadeh M, Ghabousian A, Hatefnia F, Soleimanpour M, Soleimanpour H, 2021. An umbrella review of clinical efficacy and adverse cardiac events associated with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without azithromycin in patients with COVID-19. Anesth Pain Med 11: e115827.
-
24.
de St Maurice A, Block R, Sanchez G, Szilagyi PG; African American Research Collaborative 2021 COVID Group, 2022. Parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in diverse communities: A national survey. Acad Pediatr 22: 1399–1406.
-
25.
Marshall M et al., 2021. Symptomatic acute myocarditis in seven adolescents following Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination. Pediatrics 148: e2021052478.
-
26.
Soveri A, Karlsson LC, Antfolk J, Mäki O, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Nolvi S, Karukivi M, Lindfelt M, Lewandowsky S, 2023. Spillover effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on attitudes to influenza and childhood vaccines. BMC Public Health 23: 764.
-
27.
Wigle J, Hodwitz K, Juando-Prats C, Allan K, Li X, Howard L, Fallon B, Birken CS, Maguire JL, Parsons JA, 2023. Parents’ perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations for children: A qualitative analysis. CMAJ 195: E259–E266.
-
28.
Freeman D et al., 2021. Effects of different types of written vaccination information against COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK (OCEANS-III): A single-blind, parallel group, randomized controlled trial. Lancet Public Health 6: e416–e427.
-
29.
Verger P, Peretti-Watel P, Gagneux-Brunon A, Botelho-Nevers E, Sanchez A, Gauna F, Fressard L, Bonneton M, Launay O, Ward JK, 2021. Acceptance of childhood and adolescent vaccination against COVID-19 in France: A national cross-sectional study in May 2021. Hum Vaccin Immunother 17: 5082–5088.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1324 | 1324 | 91 |
| Full Text Views | 29 | 29 | 4 |
| PDF Downloads | 35 | 35 | 11 |
An Explorative Study on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Intention among Parents in India
Lilly Penaloza
Lilly Penaloza
Department of Pediatrics and Office of Global Health, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina;
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Sanjeev Badiger
Sanjeev Badiger
Department of Community Medicine, A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, India
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Avinash K. Shetty
ashetty@wakehealth.edu
Avinash K. Shetty
Department of Pediatrics and Office of Global Health, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina;
Search for other papers by Avinash K. Shetty in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Avinash K. Shetty in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
ABSTRACT.
India’s National COVID Vaccination Program recommended vaccination of children ages 6–12 years in April 2022. This study assessed vaccine acceptance among mothers to better understand potential barriers and facilitators of national acceptance of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Qualitative data were collected through three focus group discussions (FGDs) with mothers who had children younger than 12 years of age; FGD-1 was composed of mothers who worked at a tertiary medical center in India, whereas FGD-2 and FGD-3 were composed of mothers who sought care at urban and rural community health centers. Investigators recorded, transcribed, translated, and analyzed FGDs by inductive thematic analysis. Emerging themes related to pediatric COVID-19 vaccination were categorized as knowledge and awareness, attitudes and perception, vaccine intent and facilitators, and future recommendations to promote vaccine uptake. FGD-2 and FGD-3 participants displayed limited knowledge and false beliefs regarding the pediatric COVID-19 vaccine, but mothers in FGD-1 demonstrated adequate knowledge, likely because they are health care providers. Mothers in all three FGDs expressed COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy because of concerns of side effects and low disease prevalence in children. They reported much more fear about giving the vaccine to their children than they felt about receiving it themselves. Overall, education was negatively correlated with vaccine knowledge, but mothers in all groups shared similar hesitancy about their intention to accept the vaccine for their children. Educating parents in India about the COVID-19 vaccine, especially its safety and efficacy in children, is crucial to the success of a national vaccine program.
Author Notes
Financial support: Financial support was provided by the Medical Student Research Program at
Disclosures: Written informed consent was obtained from each participant using a Kannada interpreter. Information from participants was treated confidentially. The funding sources played no role in the study design and implementation. All study-related data are included in the article. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Wake Forest University School of Medicine and the Institutional Ethics Committee at A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences in Mangalore, India.
Current contact information: Lilly Penaloza and Avinash K. Shetty, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, E-mails: lpenaloz@wakehealth.edu and ashetty@wakehealth.edu; Sanjeev Badiger, A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, India, E-mail: badiger1971@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
DeZure C, 2023. COVID-19 vaccines in children. Pediatr Ann 52: e4–e7.
-
2.
Government Ministry, 2023. Guidelines for COVID-19 Vaccination of Children Between 15–18 Years and Precaution Dose to HCWs, FLWs & 60+ Population with Comorbidities. New Delhi, India: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
-
3.
Vadrevu KM et al., 2022. Persistence of immunity and impact of third dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine against emerging variants. Sci Rep 12: 12038.
-
4.
WHO, 2019. Ten Threats to Global Health in 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019. Accessed October 7, 2024.
-
5.
Solís Arce JS et al., 2021. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries. Nat Med 27: 1385–1394.
-
6.
Joachim G, Shih S-F, Singh A, Rajamoorthy Y, Harapan H, Chang H-Y, Lu Y, Wagner AL, 2024. Parental vaccine hesitancy and acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine: An internet-based survey in the US and five Asian countries. PLOS Glob Public Health 4: e0002961.
-
7.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024. Staying up to Date with COVID-19 Vaccines. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/covid/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html. Accessed October 7, 2024.
-
8.
Valier MR, Elam-Evans LD, Mu Y, Santibanez TA, Yankey D, Zhou T, Pingali C, Singleton JA, 2023. Racial and ethnic differences in COVID-19 vaccination coverage among children and adolescents aged 5–17 years and parental intent to vaccinate their children—National Immunization Survey-Child COVID Module, United States, December 2020–September 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 72: 1–8.
-
9.
Domek GJ, O’Leary ST, Bull S, Bronsert M, Contreras-Roldan IL, Bolaños Ventura GA, Kempe A, Asturias EJ, 2018. Measuring vaccine hesitancy: Field testing the WHO SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy survey tool in Guatemala. Vaccine 36: 5273–5281.
-
10.
Clarke V, Braun V, 2017. Thematic analysis. J Posit Psychol 12: 297–298.
-
11.
Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J, 2007. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care 19: 349–357.
-
12.
Higgins DM, Moss A, Blackwell S, O’Leary ST, 2023. The COVID-19 pandemic and parental attitudes toward routine childhood vaccines. Pediatrics 152: e2023062927.
-
13.
Walker KK, Head KJ, Owens H, Zimet GD, 2021. A qualitative study exploring the relationship between mothers’ vaccine hesitancy and health beliefs with COVID-19 vaccination intention and prevention during the early pandemic months. Hum Vaccin Immunother 17: 3355–3364.
-
14.
Sarkar P, Chandrasekaran V, Gunasekaran D, Chinnakali P, 2022. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health care worker-parents (HCWP) in Puducherry, India and its implications on their children: A cross sectional descriptive study. Vaccine 40: 5821–5827.
-
15.
Temsah M-H et al., 2021. Parental attitudes and hesitancy about COVID-19 vs. routine childhood vaccinations: A national survey. Front Public Health 9: 752323.
-
16.
Yılmaz M, Sahin MK, 2021. Parents’ willingness and attitudes concerning the COVID-19 vaccine: A cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pract 75: e14364.
-
17.
Brandstetter S, Böhmer MM, Pawellek M, Seelbach-Göbel B, Melter M, Kabesch M, Apfelbacher C; KUNO-Kids study group, 2021. Parents’ intention to get vaccinated and to have their child vaccinated against COVID-19: Cross-sectional analyses using data from the KUNO-Kids health study. Eur J Pediatr 180: 3405–3410.
-
18.
Bell S, Clarke R, Mounier-Jack S, Walker JL, Paterson P, 2020. Parents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: A multi-methods study in England. Vaccine 38: 7789–7798.
-
19.
Skjefte M, Ngirbabul M, Akeju O, Escudero D, Hernandez-Diaz S, Wyszynski DF, Wu JW, 2021. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women and mothers of young children: Results of a survey in 16 countries. Eur J Epidemiol 36: 197–211.
-
20.
Sarbazi E, Masoudi N, Mehri A, Esfanjani RM, Azizi H, Soleimanpour M, Pouraghaei M, Soleimanpour H, 2024. Trust in primary health care and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Iranian pediatric: A web-based cross-sectional survey. BMC Pediatr 24: 356.
-
21.
Ng D-L-C, Gan GG, Chai CS, Anuar NAB, Sindeh W, Chua WJ, Said AB, Tan SB, 2022. The willingness of parents to vaccinate their children younger than 12 years against COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. BMC Public Health 22: 1265.
-
22.
Bagi HM, Soleimanpour M, Abdollahi F, Soleimanpour H, 2021. Evaluation of clinical outcomes of patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) discharged from the emergency department. PLoS One 16: e0258697.
-
23.
Shahsavarinia K, Ghojazadeh M, Ghabousian A, Hatefnia F, Soleimanpour M, Soleimanpour H, 2021. An umbrella review of clinical efficacy and adverse cardiac events associated with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without azithromycin in patients with COVID-19. Anesth Pain Med 11: e115827.
-
24.
de St Maurice A, Block R, Sanchez G, Szilagyi PG; African American Research Collaborative 2021 COVID Group, 2022. Parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in diverse communities: A national survey. Acad Pediatr 22: 1399–1406.
-
25.
Marshall M et al., 2021. Symptomatic acute myocarditis in seven adolescents following Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination. Pediatrics 148: e2021052478.
-
26.
Soveri A, Karlsson LC, Antfolk J, Mäki O, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Nolvi S, Karukivi M, Lindfelt M, Lewandowsky S, 2023. Spillover effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on attitudes to influenza and childhood vaccines. BMC Public Health 23: 764.
-
27.
Wigle J, Hodwitz K, Juando-Prats C, Allan K, Li X, Howard L, Fallon B, Birken CS, Maguire JL, Parsons JA, 2023. Parents’ perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations for children: A qualitative analysis. CMAJ 195: E259–E266.
-
28.
Freeman D et al., 2021. Effects of different types of written vaccination information against COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK (OCEANS-III): A single-blind, parallel group, randomized controlled trial. Lancet Public Health 6: e416–e427.
-
29.
Verger P, Peretti-Watel P, Gagneux-Brunon A, Botelho-Nevers E, Sanchez A, Gauna F, Fressard L, Bonneton M, Launay O, Ward JK, 2021. Acceptance of childhood and adolescent vaccination against COVID-19 in France: A national cross-sectional study in May 2021. Hum Vaccin Immunother 17: 5082–5088.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1324 | 1324 | 91 |
| Full Text Views | 29 | 29 | 4 |
| PDF Downloads | 35 | 35 | 11 |