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1.
Holm AE, Gomes LC, Marinho CRF, Silvestre OM, Vestergaard LS, Biering-Sørensen T, Brainin P, 2021. Prevalence of cardiovascular complications in malaria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 104: 1643–1650.
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2.
Gupta S, Gazendam N, Farina JM, Saldarriaga C, Mendoza I, López-Santi R, Pérez GE, MartÃnez-Sellés M, Baranchuk A, 2021. Malaria and the heart: JACC state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol 77: 1110–1121.
-
3.
Andrade BB, Reis-Filho A, Souza-Neto SM, Clarêncio J, Camargo LMA, Barral A, Barral-Netto M, 2010. Severe Plasmodium vivax malaria exhibits marked inflammatory imbalance. Malar J 9: 13.
-
4.
Hojo-Souza NS, Pereira DB, Hojo de Souza FS, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Cardoso MS, Tada MS, Zanini GM, Bartholomeu DC, Fujiwara RT, Bueno LL, 2017. On the cytokine/chemokine network during Plasmodium vivax malaria: New insights to understand the disease. Malar J 16: 42.
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5.
Pollack A, Kontorovich AR, Fuster V, Dec GW, 2015. Viral myocarditis – Diagnosis, treatment options, and current controversies. Nat Rev Cardiol 12: 670–680.
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6.
Kim SA, Kim ES, Rhee MY, Choi SI, Huh HJ, Chae SL, 2009. A case of myocarditis associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria. J Travel Med 16: 138–140.
-
7.
Ahmad S, Dhar M, Bishnoi S, Shirazi N, Bhat NK, 2013. Acute myocarditis in vivax malaria: An extremely rare complication. Trop Doct 43: 35–36.
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8.
Gupta N, Sahoo SK, 2013. Plasmodium vivax induced myocarditis: A rare case report. Indian J Med Microbiol 31: 180–181.
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9.
Sonambekar AA, Gupta N, Agarwal MP, Rajpal S, Aggarwal A, 2014. Plasmodium vivax – Associated myopericarditis. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 1: 000039.
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10.
da Silva Ventura AMR, Chaves TdSS, Monteiro JCM, Sequeira CG, de Oliveira Ohnishi MD, Libonati RMF, Sousa RCM, de Souza JM, 2014. Myocarditis associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria: A case report. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 47: 810–813.
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11.
Dev N, Gadpayle AK, Sankar J, Choudhary M, 2014. An unusual case of heart failure due to Plasmodium vivax infection with a favorable outcome. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 47: 663–665.
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12.
Arora A, Mudalagiri M, Sharma D, Porwal YC, 2019. Myocarditis with sinus exit block: A rare presentation of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Indian J Med Spec 10: 39–41.
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13.
Khan FY, 2019. Imported Plasmodium vivax malaria complicated by reversible myocarditis. J Family Community Med 26: 232–234.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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Acute Myocarditis in the Setting of Plasmodium vivax Malaria: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Saloni Talreja
Saloni Talreja
Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Pyrus Bhellum
Pyrus Bhellum
Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Durga Shankar Meena
dsmims14@gmail.com
Durga Shankar Meena
Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Navneet Kaur
Navneet Kaur
Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Naveen Chhaba
Naveen Chhaba
Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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Satyendra Khichar
Satyendra Khichar
Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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ABSTRACT.
Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) malaria is typically considered a benign form of malaria, with fewer life-threatening complications compared with Plasmodium falciparum. However, emerging evidence suggests that P. vivax can also lead to severe manifestations, including cardiac involvement. Myocarditis, although rare, is one such complication that can result in significant morbidity. This case report presents an 18-year-old man from Western India, with no previous comorbidities, who developed myocarditis secondary to P. vivax malaria. The patient initially presented with fever, chills, and headache, followed by the onset of hypotension, lactic acidosis, and cardiac complications, including a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and elevated cardiac biomarkers. Despite requiring vasopressor support and oxygen therapy, the patient made a full recovery after receiving appropriate antimalarial treatment. This case underscores the need for heightened awareness of rare but serious complications, such as myocarditis, in patients diagnosed with P. vivax malaria.
Author Notes
Disclosures: Written informed consent for the publication of this case report was obtained from the patients.
Authors’ contributions: S. Talreja: writing—original draft; P. Bhellum: writing—review and editing, visualization; D. S. Meena: writing—review and editing, visualization; N. Kaur: writing—review and editing; N. Chaba: writing—review and editing, supervision; S. Khichar: writing—review and editing, writing—original draft, supervision.
Current contact information: Saloni Talreja, Pyrus Bhellum, Durga Shankar Meena, Navneet Kaur, Naveen Chhaba, and Satyendra Khichar, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India, E-mails: salonitalreja26@gmail.com, dr.pyrusbhellum@gmail.com, dsmims14@gmail.com, navneetkaur1308@yahoo.com, drnavinchhaba964@gmail.com, and satyen04wid.u@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Holm AE, Gomes LC, Marinho CRF, Silvestre OM, Vestergaard LS, Biering-Sørensen T, Brainin P, 2021. Prevalence of cardiovascular complications in malaria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 104: 1643–1650.
-
2.
Gupta S, Gazendam N, Farina JM, Saldarriaga C, Mendoza I, López-Santi R, Pérez GE, MartÃnez-Sellés M, Baranchuk A, 2021. Malaria and the heart: JACC state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol 77: 1110–1121.
-
3.
Andrade BB, Reis-Filho A, Souza-Neto SM, Clarêncio J, Camargo LMA, Barral A, Barral-Netto M, 2010. Severe Plasmodium vivax malaria exhibits marked inflammatory imbalance. Malar J 9: 13.
-
4.
Hojo-Souza NS, Pereira DB, Hojo de Souza FS, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Cardoso MS, Tada MS, Zanini GM, Bartholomeu DC, Fujiwara RT, Bueno LL, 2017. On the cytokine/chemokine network during Plasmodium vivax malaria: New insights to understand the disease. Malar J 16: 42.
-
5.
Pollack A, Kontorovich AR, Fuster V, Dec GW, 2015. Viral myocarditis – Diagnosis, treatment options, and current controversies. Nat Rev Cardiol 12: 670–680.
-
6.
Kim SA, Kim ES, Rhee MY, Choi SI, Huh HJ, Chae SL, 2009. A case of myocarditis associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria. J Travel Med 16: 138–140.
-
7.
Ahmad S, Dhar M, Bishnoi S, Shirazi N, Bhat NK, 2013. Acute myocarditis in vivax malaria: An extremely rare complication. Trop Doct 43: 35–36.
-
8.
Gupta N, Sahoo SK, 2013. Plasmodium vivax induced myocarditis: A rare case report. Indian J Med Microbiol 31: 180–181.
-
9.
Sonambekar AA, Gupta N, Agarwal MP, Rajpal S, Aggarwal A, 2014. Plasmodium vivax – Associated myopericarditis. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 1: 000039.
-
10.
da Silva Ventura AMR, Chaves TdSS, Monteiro JCM, Sequeira CG, de Oliveira Ohnishi MD, Libonati RMF, Sousa RCM, de Souza JM, 2014. Myocarditis associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria: A case report. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 47: 810–813.
-
11.
Dev N, Gadpayle AK, Sankar J, Choudhary M, 2014. An unusual case of heart failure due to Plasmodium vivax infection with a favorable outcome. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 47: 663–665.
-
12.
Arora A, Mudalagiri M, Sharma D, Porwal YC, 2019. Myocarditis with sinus exit block: A rare presentation of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Indian J Med Spec 10: 39–41.
-
13.
Khan FY, 2019. Imported Plasmodium vivax malaria complicated by reversible myocarditis. J Family Community Med 26: 232–234.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 54181 | 54181 | 53093 |
| Full Text Views | 145 | 145 | 116 |
| PDF Downloads | 50 | 50 | 25 |